Ch. 8 Vocab Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
nucleotide | the small units, or monomers, that make up DNA |
double helix | two strands of DNA wind around each other like a twisted ladder |
base pairing rules | thymine always pairs with adenine; cytosine always pairs with guanine |
replication | process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle |
DNA polymerases | a group of enzymes that bond the new nucleotides together |
central dogma | states that information flows in one direction, form DNA to RNA to proteins |
RNA | ribonucleic acid |
trascription | the process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA |
RNA polymerases | enzymes that bond nucleotides together in a chain to make a new RNA molecule |
messenger RNA | an intermediate message that is translated to form a protein |
ribosomal RNA | forms part of proteins, a cell’s protein factories |
transfer RNA | brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein |
translation | the process that converts, or translates, an mRNA message into polypeptide |
codon | a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid |
stop codons | signal the end of the amino acid chain |
start codon | signals the start of translation and the amino acid methionine |
anticodon | a set of three nucleotides that is complementary to an mRNA codon |
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