Pharm Ch 24 Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
acidosis | occurs when the pH of the plasma falls below 7.35 |
alkalosis | develops when the plasma pH rises above 7.45 |
anions | negatively charged electrolytes |
buffers | chemicals that help maintain normal body pH by neutralizing strong acids and bases |
cations | positively charged electrolytes |
colloids | proteins, starches, or other large molecules that remain in the blood for a long time because they are too large to easily cross the capillary membranes |
crystalloids | IV solutions that contain electrolytes and other substances that closely mimic the body's ECF |
electrolytes | ions that have positive and negative charges and are able to conduct electricity |
extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment | one-third of body fluid resides outside cells here; divided into two parts: fluid in the plasma, or intravascular space, and fluid in the interstitial spaces between cells |
hyperkalemia | serum potassium level greater than 5 mEq/L; may be caused by high consumption of potassium rich foods or dietary supplements, particularly when patients are taking potassium-sparing diuretics such as spironolactone |
hypernatremia | sodium excess; occurs when serum sodium level rises above 145 mEq/L |
hypokalemia | when serum potassium level falls below 3.5 mEq/L |
hyponatremia | sodium deficiency; serum sodium level less than 135 mEq/L |
intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment | contains water that is inside cells; accounts for 2/3 of total body water |
osmolality | measure of number of dissolved particles, or solutes, in 1 kg (1L) of water |
osmosis | water moves from areas of low solute concentration (low osmolality) to areas of high solute concentration (high osmolality) |
pH | how the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured |
tonicity | the ability of a solution to cause a change in water movement across a membrane due to osmotic forces |
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