Chapter 5 Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Meningitis (Pg. 53) | Inflammation of the meninges (membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord) |
What is the most common type of meningitis? | Viral (aseptic); resolves w/o tx |
Which type of meningitis has a high mortality rate? | Bacterial (septic), it's contagious |
Are there meningitis vaccines? (Pg. 53) | Yes 3; one is available for high-risk populations; college students |
Is there a vaccine against viral meningitis? & risks | No. Risks to getting; mumps, measles, herpes, west nile |
Bacterial meningitis risks | Immunosuppression, invasive procedures, skull fractures, penetrating head wound, overcrowding living |
Patient complaints: | Excruciating, constant headache Nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) Photophobia (sensitivity to light) |
Signs/symptoms: | Fever/chills, nausea/vomiting, altered LOC, positive kernig's sign, positive brudzinski's sign, hyperactive DTR's, tachycardia, seizures, red macular rash, restless, irritable |
Positive kerning's sign: | Resistance & pain w extension of the client's leg from flexed position |
Positive brudzinski;s sign | Flexion of extremities occurring w deliberate flexion of the client's neck |
LABS | Urine, throat, nose & blood C&S -not definitive for meningitis but can guide initial antimicrobial (broad) tx CBC- elevated WBC's |
Dx meningitis: (pg. 55) | CSF analysis: by lumbar puncture, most definitive -cloudy CSF (bacterial), clear (viral) -^ WBC, protein & CSF pressure, and low glucose, |
Nursing: precautions | Isolate as soon as suspected -Droplet precautions; private room, con't until abx con't for 24hrs & when oral.nasal secretions no longer infectious |
Nursing: Fever, stimuli, bed rest, ICP | Fever reducing; cool blanket Low stimuli; low lights, quiet Bed rest head ^ 30 degrees If ^ ICP; avoid cough/sneeze |
Nursing: Seizures, fluids, | Replace as indicated by labs, seizure precautions |
Medications to treat Meningitis | Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) or Cefotaxime (Claforan) in combination w/ Vancomyin -Give until C&S available |
Med if seizures or ^ ICP | Anticonvulsants; Phenytoin (Dilantin) |
Analgesics for headaches and/or fever | Acetaminophen (tylenol) or Ibuprofen (Motrin) -Nonopioids to avoid changing LOC |
S/S of ^ ICP (complication of meningitis) | Decreased LOC, pupillary changes, impaired extraocular movements |
Interventions to reduce ICP | Positioning & avoiding coughing/sneezing/straining |
Complication of Meningitis: | SIADH: syndrome of inappropriate ADH -d/t abnormal stimulation of the hypothalamic area (excess secretion of ADH) |
S/S SIADH & tx | -Dilute blood, concentrated urine -Restrict fluids and administer Demeclocycline (Declomycin) |
Septic emboli (another complication) | Can lead to DIC -Mostly travel to hands & feet.. could develop into gangrene |
Created by:
mary.scott260!
Popular Nursing sets