Pharmacology Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Oral antidiabetics initial treatment for type ___ diabetes | type 2 |
Weight loss is a treatment to treat type ___ diabetes | type 2 diabetes |
What lifestyle changes can help treat type ___ diabetes | Stop smoking No alcohol ( or decrease intake) REgular exervise ( increases insulin sensitivity) |
If normal ____ levels not achieved after 3 months oral anti diabetic agents are prescribed | blood glucose |
Oral Antihyperglycemia Agents for Types 2 diabetest | 1. Sulfonylurea 2. Biguanide 3. A Glucosidease inhibitor 4. Thiazolidinedione 5. meglitinide 6. Incretin enhancer |
What are the available agents for oral antihypeglycemic? | 1. Glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide & 1st gen. Sulf. 2. Metformin 3. Acarbos 4. Pioglitazone, rosiglitazone 5. Repaglinide, nateglinide 6. sitagliptin |
Oral hypoglycemic agents are | Sulfonylutea agents |
Sulfonylurea agents are | A groups of oral antidoEtic agents that are able to stimulate insulin secretion from the beta cells of the pancreas |
Sulfonlurea agents also enhance the actions of ___ in muscle, liver, and ____ tissues. This allows these tissues to take up and store glucose. | Insulin; adipose tissue |
What are examples of sulfonlyrea agents? | 1. Glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL) 2. Flyby ride (Diabeta, Micronase, Blynase PresTab) |
All is the oral hypoglycemic agents are highly bound to ____ proteins. This accounts for their differences in duration of action. | Plasma proteins |
All of the sulfonylureas are metabolized inThe ____ | Liver |
What are the side effects of sulfonylurea agents? | Hypoglycemia Agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia Cholestatic jaundice Nausea and heartburn Alcohol ingestion may result in Antabuse-like reaction |
Metformin(Glucophage) is a ____ agent | Biguianide |
Metfoemin glucophae decreases glucose production by ____ | Liver |
Metfoon decreases intestinal absorption of ___ | Glucose |
Metformin improves insulin _____ | Sensitivity |
Metformin does not cause _____ gain | Weight |
Metformin may decrease _____ and LDL cholesterol | Triglycerides |
Metformin does not cause ____ | hypoglycemia |
Metformin requires some ___ insulin to work | pancreatic |
Metforminag be used alone or with other ___ medications | Anti diabetic |
What are the side/ adverse effects metaformin? | Promarily it affects the GI tract (epigasyric discomfort, bloating nausea diarrhea, gas) Metallic taste in mouth Weight loss Lactic acidosis is rare but is lethal in 50% cases Patients with renal problems and |
Excessive alcohol intake most susceptible to developing _____ | lactic acidosis |
Alpha glycosidase inhibitors are ? | Acarbose (precise) Miglitol (Glyset) Block enzyme alpha glycosidase in gut and delays glucose absorption Lowers postprandial hyperglycemia Does not cause hypoglycemia Must be taken with meals has to be there carbohydrate is there |
Alpha glucosidase inhibitors | Blocks enzyme alpha glucoaidase in gut and delays glucose absorption Lowers postprandial hyperglycemia Does not cause hypoglycemia Must be taken with meals( has to be there when carbohydrate is there) |
Side effects of alpha glycosidaze inhibitors are: | If patient is also taking a sulfonylurea or insulin hypoglycemia may be enhanced If hypoglycemia occurs, do not use sucrose to raise blood glucose- use oral dextrose (Glutose) |
2 Example of Thiazolidinediones (glitazones) are: | Pioglitazone(Actos) and Rosiglitazone (Avandia) |
Thiazolofinediones increases sensitivity of muscle and far tissue to insulin (insulin has more effect on ___) | cells |
Thiazolidinesiones depends on presence of ____ to work | Insulin |
Thiazokidinediones Enhances glucose uptake and ___ in ___ | Storage in liver |
Thiazolidinediones does not ___ release of ___ | Stimulate release ; insulin |
Thiazolidinediones may be used in type ___ diabetes in addition to insulin | Type 1 |
Incretin mimetic, Incretin enhancer | Stimulates production of insulin in response to high blood glucose level |
Incretin inhibits release of ___ | Glucagon |
Incretin slows rate of gastric ____ | Emptying |
Byetta/ exenatide (mimetic) is ____ with meals: | Injected |
What is an example incretin enhancer? | Januvia/sitagliptin |
Januvia is an oral ___ | enhancer |
____ is a Glucose Elevating Drugs | Glucagon |
Glucagon is a natural hormone secreted by the pancreas and synthetic available in tablet form for a quick response to ____ | hypoglycemia |
Diazoxide is an __ form which is used for the treatment of hypoglycemia ( the ___ form is used of rthe treatment of hypertensive emergencies) | oral; IV |
Obtain baseline and periodic assessments of blood glucose levels, blood cell count, and liver function tests. is a nursing implication for ___ | Glucose elevating drugs |
Assess whether the patient has any allergies is a nursing implication for __ | Glucose elevating drugs |
Ask the patient if they are taking any medication that would interact with the medication prescribed is a nursing implication for ___ | Glucose elevating drugs |
Assess the patients knowledge of diabetes care including meal pattern, role of exercise, medication, hypoglycemia, blood glucose or urine testing and skin and foot care is a nursing implication for___ | Glucose elevating drugs |
Evaluate the patents blood and urinary glucose levels in a nursing implication of _____ | Glucose elevating drugs |
Evaluate all technical skills that will be performed in the home setting such as use of glucometer and insulin injections is a nursing implication of ____ | Glucose elevating drugs |
What are the teaching tips for glucose elevating drugs? | 1. Patients carry an I.D. card & wear a Medic Alert bracelet or necklace 2. Diabetics should carry a supply of readily available sugar in case of hypoglycemia Patients should 3. Patients should know the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia |
What are the teaching tips for glucose elevating drugs? | 4. Notify physician if skin is yellow , dark urine, fever, sore throat, weakness or bleeding 5. Blood glucose levels change with illness, stress, N/V or unable to eat; notify physician if these occur |
What are the teaching tips for glucose elevating drugs? | 6. INform patient that blood glucose level when alcohol is consumed |
Created by:
jwhite223
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