Stack #123035 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Oxygen concentration in room air | 21% |
Hypoxemia vs. Hypoxia | Emia:decreased oxygen in blood, Oxia:decreased oxygen supply to tissues |
Manifestation r/t Hypoxemia | Changes in mental status, Dyspnea, Increased BP, Changes in HR, Dysrhythmias |
Late sign r/t Hypoxemia | Central cyanosis |
Oxygen toxicity occurs when | Too high O concentration for an extended period of time |
Hypoxemic vs. Circulatory vs. Anemic vs. Histotoxic Hypoxias | Hyp:decreased O in blood, C:inadequate capillary circulation, A:ineffective hemoglobin concentration, Histo:caused by toxic substance |
Stimulus for respiration r/t COPD | Decrease in blood O |
Normal stimulus r/t Respiration | Elevated CO2 |
Cannula vs. Partial rebreather vs. Non-rebreather vs. Venturi r/t O flow rate | C:1-6 L/min, P:8-11 L/min, N:12 L/min, V:4-8 L/min |
Low-flow vs. High-flow oxygen delivery systems | LF:combines O w/Pt's inspiration & inspired O changes, HF:Pt's that require constant and precise amount of O |
Reservoir bags must remain inflated during | Inspiration and expiration |
Non-rebreathing masks prevent | Room air from entering mask during inhalation |
Noninvasive mask that provides most reliable/accurate O concentration | Venturi mask |
Venturi mask r/t COPD | Accurate O supplementation avoid suppressing hypoxic drive |
Amount of O dissolved in plasma r/t Hyperbaric O therapy | O level in plasma increases, O levels in tissues increases |
Humidity r/t O therapy | Counteracts dry, irritating effects of compressed O, Moistens secretions |
Method of deep breathing encouraging Pt to inhale slowly and deeply | Incentive spirometry |
Incentive spirometry functions | Maximize lung inflation, Prevent/reduce atelectasis |
Volume vs. Flow spirometers | V:increases volume of inhaled air gradully & volume is pre-set, F:same function but volume is not pre-set |
Proper breathing/Incentive spirometer positioning | At least semi-Fowlers |
Breathing technique to prepare for nebulizer use | Diaphragmatic breathing |
Area of body r/t Diaphragmatic breathing | Abd protrudes as far as possible |
Time r/t Postural drainage | 2-4x a day, Before meals, Bedtime |
Intervention d/t Pt inability to cough | Sunction secretions |
Percussion technique r/t Secretion loosening | Cup hands and lightly strike chest wall, Wrists are alternately flexed |
Technique that applies compression to chest wall | Vibration |
Vibration is done while Pt is | Exhaling |
Breathing retraining are exercises and practices to achieve more efficient and controlled | Ventilation & decrease work of breathing |
Pt's in which breathing retraining is indicated | COPD and dyspnea |
Examples r/t breathing retraining exercises | Diaphragmatic breathing, Pursed-lip breathing |
Pt's w/altered level of consciousness are at risk for ________ d/t _______ | Upper airway obstructions, Loss of protective reflexes and tone of pharyngeal muscles |
Endotracheal intubation Pt indications | Cannot maintain adequate airway, Need mechanical ventilation, Secretion suctioning of pulmonary tree |
Cuff pressures are checked | Every 6-8 hours |
Intubation is used no longer than | 3 weeks |
Disadvantages r/t Endotracheal/Tracheostomy tubes | Depressed cough reflex, Thicker secretions, Depressed swallowing reflex |
Preventing tube removal by Pt | Explain purpose of tube, Distract Pt w/one-to-one interaction, Maintain comfort |
Tracheostomy incision location | B/w 2nd and 3rd tracheal rings |
Inflated portion of tracheostomy tube | Cuff |
Long-term complication r/t Tracheostomy tube | Airway obstruction, Infection, Innominate artery rupture, Dysphagia, Tracheoesophageal fistula, Ischemia, Necrosis |
May develop after tracheostomy tube is removed | Tracheal stenosis |
Tracheostomy tube is kept patent by | Sunctioning |
Semi-fowler's position r/t Tracheostomy tube | Facilitate ventilation, Promote drainage, Minimize edema, Prevent strain on sutures |
Sterility r/t Tracheostomy tubes | Prevent pulmonary and systemic infections |
Cuff pressure limits | > 15 mm Hg, <25 mm Hg |
Preventing complications r/t Tracheostomy tubes | Maintain skin integrity, Maintain adequate hydration |
Cotton applicators moistened w/__________ during wound cleansing | Hydrogen peroxide |
Turned on before opening suction catheter kit | Suction source |
Suction catheter insertion depth | Just far enough to stimulate cough reflex |
Suction is applied while | Withdrawing |
Mechanical ventilation indications | Continuous decrease in PaO(hypoxemia), Increase in PaCO2(hypercapnia), Persistent acidosis |
Most commonly used Positive-pressure ventilator | Volume-cycled ventilator |
Volume-cycled ventilator r/t O delivery | Volume of air delivered is relatively constant |
Examples r/t Noninvasive Positive-pressure Ventilators | Nasal cannula and all masks |
Bucking the ventilator | Pt is out of sync w/ventilator |
Humidifier levels are checked | 3x a day |
Continuous positive-pressure ventilation r/t Secretions | Secretion production is always increased |
Method to assess for secretions | Lung ascultation at least every 2-4 hours |
Prevent atelectasis and retention of secretions r/t Ventilators | Periodic sighs |
Permits talking r/t Mechanical ventilation | Passy-Muir valve |
Order r/t Respiratory weaning | Gradual removal of ventilator, Tube, Oxygen |
Indications r/t Tube weaning | Pt can breathe spontaneously, Maintain patent airway, Effectively cough, Swallow, Move jaw |
Supplemental O recommended when, PaO < 70 mm Hg on room air | (blank) |
PaO level r/t Medicare/Medicaid reimbursement | < 55 mm Hg |
Metabolism of fat vs. Metabolism of carbohydrates r/t CO2 production | Fat metabolism produces less CO2 |
Postoperative risk factors r/t Surgery-related Atelectasis/Pneumonia | Immobilization, Supine, Decreased consciousness, Prolonged intubation/mechanical ventilation |
Re-expands lungs and Removes excess air/fluid/blood from pleural spaces | Chest tubes, Closed drainage systems |
Fluid fluctuations stop when | Lung has reexpanded, Tubing is obstructed, Suction is not properly working |
Constant bubbling r/t Water seal chamber | Air leak in drainage system |
Drainage system r/t Pt chest level | System is kept below Pt chest level |
Water level r/t Inspiration | Water level increase |
Normal bubbling | Intermittent |
Created by:
rpclothier
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