Med Surg Exam 4 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Severe Right Upper Quadrant colicky pain comes in waves | Cholecystitis |
What is Murphy's Sign? | unable to take deep breath when pressure is placed over lower liver border |
Pain in the abdomen with guarding. Often lessen by drawing the knees up & worsen with extension | Pancreatitis |
Protease initiates what? | a chain reaction of inflammation that results in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin causing DIC. |
What is Turner's sign? | purple discoloration in the flanks |
What is Cullen sign? | purple discoloration around the umbilicus |
When is demerol given rather than morphine? | with Pancreatitis |
chronic alcoholic | pancreatitis |
Pancreatic cancer in the head metastasis | by direct extension |
Pancreatic cancer in the body metastasis | by blood & lymph |
What is the Whipple procedure? | removal of the head of the pancreas, duodenum, & parts of the stomach |
excessive pain is 1st clue | Compartment Syndrome |
What is Volkman's contracture? | contraction of the hand & fingers & related tissue degeneration caused by decreased blood flow |
Purpose of treatment for compartment syndrome | restoring blood flow by performing a fasciotomy. once pressure is relieved & swelling goes down fascia & skin are closed. |
Compartment syndrome important to remember | time means muscle |
By recognizing compartment syndrome early it prevents what? | complications & deformities |
Renal failure is caused by what in compartment syndrome? | injured fibers gaining access to bloodstream & filter in to the nephrons |
For a total hip replacement how should patients sit? | legs abducted & no flexion greater than 90 degree angle |
#1 Complication of Total Joint Replacement | Hemorrhage |
Complications of Total Joint Replacement | Hemorrhage, sepsis, thrombophlebitis & embolism, infection, dislocation, skin breakdown |
treatment includes early ambulation that is what for total joint replacement? | non-weight bearing |
Type I DM affects what? | metabolism of fat, protein, & carbohydrates |
Dx DM for HBA1c | >6.5% |
Dx DM for FPG | >126 mg/dL |
Dx DM for 2 hr plasma glucose | >200 mg/dL |
Dx DM for an individual with | classic symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis with a random plasma glucose of >200 mg/dL |
Type I DM Treatment | combination of insulin therapy, meal planning, & exercise regimen |
What is the symogogy effect? | hypoglycermia in the middle of the night |
What is the Dawn phenomenon? | increase in morning levels |
Dx Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome | increased waist circumference >40 males & >35 females plascma triglycerides >150 mg/dL plasma HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dL males & <50 females BP >130/85 FPG >100 mg/dL |
How many criterias does one have to have in order to be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome? | 3 out of 5 |
3 P's | Polyphagia Polydipsia Polyuria |
4 Categories of DM | Type 1, Type 2, Other specific types, gestational |
What percentage of the beta cells must be destroyed to cause a decline in insulin leading to hyperglycemia? | 80-90% |
Glucagon's role | acts in the liver to decrease blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis & gluconeogenesis |
in addition to insulin decrease what other hormon is decreased? | amylin |
What is amylin's function? | suppress glucagon release |
What causes the weight loss in DM pt? | protein & fat breakdown because of lack of insulin |
Risk factors for Type II DM | age, obesity, HTN, physical inactivity, & famiily hx |
metabolic syndrome | is a constellation of disorders that increase the risk of developing Type II |
Constellation of disorders in metabolic syndrome | central obesity, dyslipidemia, prehypertension, increased fasting glucose level |
insulin resistance | suboptimal response of insulin-sensitive tissues to insulin & often associated with obesity |
Nonspecific symptoms & signs for DM | fatigue, pruritis, recurrent infections, visual changes, & sx of neropathy |
Without treatment what can result? | coronary & peripheral artery & cerebrovascular disease |
1st approach for Type II DM | diet & exercise |
kussmaul respirations & fruity acetone breath | Diabetic ketoacidosis |
Chronic Complications of DM | reinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, macrovascular, infection |
What is Compartment syndrome? | fascia compresses the swelling tissue causing decrease in vascularity of tissue & nerves |
Complications of Compartment syndrome? | necrosis, paralysis, volkman's contracture, rhabdomyolysis, renal failure, & infection |
Treatments for cholecystitis | t-tube after cholecystectomy low-fat diet lithotripsy demoral antispasmodics antiemetics gallstone dissolution meds |
Pancreatitis is | outlet becomes blocked becuase of inflmmation, gallstones, or digestive enzymes |
Complications of Pancreatitis | shock respiratory distress renal failure hemorrhage |
Treatment of pancreatitis | NPO, O2, IV analgesic Demerol,antiemetics, IV fluids, expanders, & PRBC |
Complications of Pancreatic Cancer | DVT, VCA, DM, postop infection, fistula, peritonitis, paralytic ileus, malabsorption disorder, death |
Created by:
midnight1854
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