BONE_TISSUE Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
define: bone | dynamic and complex, living tissue |
what are the 6 functions of the skeletal system? | 1. support 2. protection 3.motion 4.mineral homeostasis 5.blood cell circulation 6.triglyceride storage |
describe diaphysis | the long shaft of a long bone |
describe epiphysis | the ends of a long bone |
describe metaphysis | union of diaphysis and epiphysis |
periosteum: where is it and whats its function | wraps around the bone, nutrition and protection |
(bone histology) what elements are found in the bone matrix and how much? | water, collagen (25%), hydroxyapatite, mineral salts (50%) |
what gives bone its hardness? | mineral salts |
what gives bone its flexibility? | collagen |
osteoblast: what is it and what does it do | bone cell, build up bone |
osteoclast: what is it and what does it do | bone cell, tears down bone |
what percentage of the skeleton consists of compact bone tissue? | 80% |
what percentage of the skeleton consists of spongy bone tissue? | 20% |
what is the radioactive tracer in a bone scan? | tech 99 |
hot spots in a bone scan usually mean.. | bone cancer and abnormal bone growth |
cold spots in a bone scan usually mean.. | rheumatoid arthritis, pagets, fractures, infection |
where do bone nutrients enter the bone? | enter via periosteum at the nutrient foramen |
intramembranous ossification, what is it and what happens | 1 of the two types of bone formation, bone formed from bone orgin |
enchochondral ossification, what is it and what happens | 1 of the two types of bone formation, bone forms as cartilage then turns into bone |
at what age does epiphyseal plate closure occur? | 18-25 |
list 3 triggers of bone homeostasis | 1. exercise 2.diet 3.sedentary lifestyle |
what minerals are factors of bone growth? | calcium, magnesium, Iron, Zinc, Copper, Phosporus |
what vitamins are factors of bone growth | vitamin C, vitamin K1, vitamin A, vitamin B12, vitamin k2 |
what hormones are factors of bone growth? | insulin, human growth, and thyroid |
how does the SAD diet negatively affect bone? | doesn't provide calcium requirement, high protein=calcium loss, high salt=calcium loss |
what happens in a compound fracture? | bone comes through the skin |
what happens in a greenstick fracture? | the bone breaks on one side but remains attached on the other |
where does a potts fracture occur? | tibia |
where does a colles fracture occur? | radius |
where does a march fracture occur? | toes |
where does bar-room fracture occur? | digits 3&4 (ring and pinky) |
where does boxer fracture occur | digits 1&2 (pointer and middle) |
what percentage of the skeleton is calcium | 98%-99% |
3 factors of calcium homeostasis: | PTH: increases blood calcium, Vitamin D3: increase blood calcium, calcitonin: decrease blood calcium |
what is wolffs law? | improvement of bone and density via mechanical stress |
what are the effects of exercise? | increased bone mass and reduced bone loss |
aging/bone tissue: what happens and what causes it | 1. loss of bone mass: demineralization 2. bone brittleness: decreased protein synthesis |
what is the pediatric and adult version of rickets? | pediatric: rickets, adult: osteomalacia |
define osteoporosis, what is happening | age related reduction of bone strength, loss of bone mass |
7 risk factors of osteoporosis: | 1. gender 2.family history 3.European or Asian ancestory 4.thin/petite frame 5. sedentary lifestyle 6.tobacco use 7.boozers |
what prescription medication is used to treat OP? | forteo, calcitonin, actonal. evista, menostar, miacalin, fosamax, reclast |
non-medical ways to treat OP? | decrease sodium, increase UV radiation, increase exercise, decrease phosphoric acid and carbonation, decrease carbs, vitamins |
Created by:
jguard423
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