NASM 4th Edition: Chapter 1 Vocabulary
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| What is Muscle Imbalance | Alternation of muscle length surrounding a joint.
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| What is the criteria for obesity: | refers to a person with a BMI of 30 or greater, or who is at least 30 pounds over the recommended weight for their height.
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| What is the criteria to be considered overweight: | Refers to a person with a BMI of 25 to 29.9, or who is between 25 to 30 pounds over the recommended weight for their height
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| What are Blood Lipids: | Also known as cholesterol and triglycerides, blood lips are carried in the bloodstream by protein molecules known as high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL).
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| What is Diabetes Mellitus: | Chronic metabolic disorder caused by insulin deficiency, which impairs carbohydrate usage and enhances usage of fats and proteins.
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| What does Deconditioned Mean: | A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased flexibility, and lack of core nad joint stability.
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| What does Proprioception mean: | The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanoreceptors that sense body position and limb movement.
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| What is a Proprioceptively Enriched Environment | An unstable (yet controllable) physical situation in which exercises are performed that causes the body to use its internal balance and stabilization mechanisms.
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| What does the term Phases of Training mean: | Smaller divisions of training progressions that fall within the three building blocks of training.
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| What is Muscular Endurance: | A muscle's ability to contract for an extended period.
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| What is Neuromuscular Efficiency: | The ability of the neuromuscular system to enable all muscles to efficiently work together in all planes of motion.
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| What is a Superset | A set of of two exercises that are performed back-to-back, without any rest time between them.
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| What does the Rate of Force Production mean: | Ability of muscles to exert maximal output in a minimal amount of time.
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| What are three building blocks of training: | Stabilization Level (I: Stabilization Endurance), Strength Level (II: Strength Endurance; III: Hypertrophy; IV: Maximal Strength), Power Level (V: Power)
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| What is the main characteristic of the Prime mover muscle? | The muscle that acts as the initial and main source of motive power
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| What is the name of the training level in Phase 1 | Stabilization Endurance
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| What is the name of the training level in Phase 2 | Strength Endurance
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| What is the name of the training level in Phase 3 | Hypertrophy
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| What is the name of the training level in Phase 4 | Maximal strength
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| What is the name of the training level in Phase 5 | Power Training
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| Stabilization Level consist of what training level? | 1. stablization endurance
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| What is the Progression of the stabilization level: | proprioceptively- based training in a unstable yet controlled environemnt
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| What is the Primary Adaption for the stabilization level: | 1. stablization endurance 2. neuromuscular efficiency
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| Strength Level consists of 3 training levels: | 1. Strength Endurance Training
2. Hypertropy training
3. Maximal Strength training
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| What is the superset for strength level: | strength exercise and then a stabilization exercise
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| What is the definition for Hypertrophy? | the enlargement of skeletal muscle fibers in response to overcoming force from high volumes of tension.
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| What is the Progression of the strength level: | increase in load and volume
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| What is the Primary Adaption for the strength level: | 1. stablization strength and endurance 2. muscle growth and strength
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| The Power Level consist of what training level? | Power Training
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| What is the Progression of the Power Level: | increase speed of movement
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| What is the Primary Adaption for the Power Level: | rate of force production
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| What is the Superset for power level | strength exercise and then a power exercise
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| What is a goal for the Stabilization level | a. improve neuromuscular efficiency (balance, stabilization, muscular coordination) b.increase flexibility c. enhance joint stability d. improve muscular endurance
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| What is a goal for the Strength level? | a. improve stabilization endurance and increase prime mover strength b. increase lean muscle
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| What is a goal for the hypertrophy level? | a. increase muscle size
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| What is a goal for the maximum strength level? | a. increase motor unit recruitment b. lifting heavy loads c.increase frequency of motor unit recruitment d. improve peak force
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| What is a goal for the power level? | a. enhance neuromuscular efficiency b. enhance prime mover strength c. increase rate of force production
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| What is the definition for Maximal Strength? | the maximal force an individual muscle can produce in a single voluntary effort,regardless of the rate of force production.
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