Basic Nursing Skills
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| Germs are also known as | Microorganisms
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| Non-Pathogens are | harmless, as long as they stay where they are supposed too
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| pathogens are | harmful
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| The invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens results in | disease
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| Prion | causes degenerative neurologic disease such as mad cow disease
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| Do not require oxygen to live (most dangerous) | Anaerobic
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| Requires oxygen to live | Aerobic
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| Viruses | will not respond to antibiotics
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| Protozoa is bacteria can be found in | sand, fresh and salt water
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| Rickettsia is carried by parasites such as fleas, ticks, lice etc. and can cause | Rocky Mountain spotted fever
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| Fungi is caused by | yeast and molds
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| Helminths are worms which come from dirt and soil that | mainly live in intestines but can live in other organs
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| This cycle must be complete and not broken for the microorganisms to live | Infection cycle
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| First link of the infection process | Causative agent
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| Second link of the infection process | Reservoir
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| Third link of the infection process | Portal of exit
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| Fourth link of the infection process | Mode of transfer
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| Fifth link of the infection process | Portal of entry
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| Sixth link of the infection process | Susceptible host
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| Causative agent | germ/microorganisms
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| Reservoir | where infection grows and reproduce
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| Portal of exit | secretions, nose, throat, mouth, eyes, ears, and wound openings
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| Mode of transfer | hands, equipment, instruments, dishes, and droplets
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| Portal of entry | germs can be swallowed or break in skin
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| Susceptible host | can be anyone
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| First line of defense | Intact skin, secretion of skin
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| Second line of defense | inflammatory defense
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| Third line of defense | Immune response
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| sneezing and coughing | naturally acquired immunity
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| antiserum that contains antibodies (injection) | Passive acquired immunity
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| genetically transmitted | Naturally acquired passive immunity
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| Vaccinations or immunizations | Artificially Acquired
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| Medical asepsis is also known as | clean techniques
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| Medical asepsis reduces the number of | pathogens
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| surgical asepsis | eliminates or kills all pathogens
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| Antimicrobial agents | bleach, iodine, chlorine and soap
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| bacteriostatic agents | alcohol and peroxide
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| disinfectants are also called | germicides or bactericides
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| patient got the infection while in the hospital | Hospital acquired infection
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| not part of normal body flora | Exogenous
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| part of normal body flora | Edogenous
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| Air borne, droplet, and contact | types of isolation
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| N 95 mask or particulate required, use for respiratory infections example TB or varicella | Air Borne precautions
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| use gloves, use surgical mask with shield example mumps, pneumonia, whooping cough | Droplet precautions
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| use gloves, use single use gown, use shoe covers for VRE | Contact precautions
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| things that make up a patients environment | walls, floors, lighting, and climate control
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| paper, wood, and cloth fires | Type A fire extinguisher
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| flammable liquid fires | Type B fire extinguisher
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| electrical fires | Type C fire extinguisher
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| any type of fire/ universal fire extinguisher | Type ABC fire extinguisher
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| Rescue, activate the alarm, confine the fire, extinguish the fire | RACE
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| the inability to breath | Asphyxiation
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| there are two types of restraints | chemical and physical
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| the order for the restraint must be updated how often | every 24 hours
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| Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act | OBRA
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| defines the rights and choices of clients and it also states acceptable reason for using physical restraints | OBRA
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| protect patients from falls, protect a body part, and keep the patient from interfering with therapies | time when a restraint might be necessary
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| how frequently should you monitor a patient in restraints | every two hours sometimes more frequently
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| things you must assess and document while a patient is in restraints at least every two hours | VS, circulation, skin condition, and behavior
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| aerosolization | particles become suspended in gas
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| able to burn or dissolve | caustic
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| commode | toilet
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| to get in the way, obstruct | impede
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| nothing can go through it | impermeable
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| coming out slowly | oozing
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| common | prevalent
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| make | render
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| produce exact copies of | replicate
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| carefully, perfectly | scrupulously
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| strict, severe | stringent
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| carriers | vectors
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| very harmful and rapidly spreading | virulent
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| one celled microorganism | protozoa
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| process of killing all microorganisms | sterilization
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| make unclean | contaminate
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| without pathologic organisms | sterile
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| dead tissue or foreign matter | debris
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| chemical compound used on skin to inhibit growth of microrganism | antiseptic
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nursekk
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