Mental Health
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| Family therapy | a form of intervention in which members of a family are assisted to identify and change problematic, maladaptive, self-defeating, repetitive relationship patterns.
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| Family | A group of individuals who are bound by strong emotional ties, a sense of belonging, and a passion for being involved in one another's lives.
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| Single young adult | Goal:Accepting seperation from parents and resonsibility for self. Tasks:Forming an identity sperate from that of parents. Advancing toward financial independence.
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| Family joined through marriage/union | Goal:Commitment to the new system. Tasks:Establishing a new identity as a couple. Realigning relationships with members of the extended family. Decisions about having children
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| Family with young children | Goal:Accepting new members into the system. Tasks:Adjusting the marital relationship to accommodate parental responsibilites while preserving the integrity of the couple relationship. Sharing equally in tasks of childrearing
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| Family with adolesecents | Goal:Increasing the flexibility of family boundaries to include children's independence and grandparents' increasing independence. Tasks:Refocusing on midlife marital and career issues.
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| Family launching children and moving on in midlife | Goal:Accepting a multitude of exits from and entries into the family system. Tasks: Development of adult-to-adult relationships between grown children and parents. Realignment of relationships to include in-laws and grandchildren
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| Family in later life (late middle age to end of life) | Goal:Accepting the shifting of generational roles. Tasks:Maintaining own and/or couple functioning and interests in face of physiological decline. Dealing with loss of spouse, siblings and other peers, preparation for life review and integration
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| Communication | Family members are encouraged to express honest feelings and opinions, and all members participate in decisions that affect the family system.
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| Self concept reinforcement | Functional families strive to reinforce and strengthen each member's self-concept, with the positive result being that family members feel loved and valued.
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| Family member expectations | In functional families, expectations are realistic, felxible, and individualized
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| Handling differences | Functional families understand that is acceptable to disagree and deal with differences in an open, nonattacking manner.
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| Family interactional patterns | Functional when they are workable and constructive and promote the needs of all family members.
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| Family climate | positive is founded on trust and is reflected in openness, appropriate humor and laughter, experessions of caring, mutual respect, a valuing of the quality of each individual, and a general feeling of well-being.
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| Family therapy | A type of therapuetic modality in which the focus of treatment is on the family as a unit. It represents a form of intervention in which members of a family are assisted to identify and change problematic, maladaptive, sef-defeating, repetitive realtionsh
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| System | Considered dynamic and ever changing. A change in part of the system causes a change in the other parts of the system and in the system as a whole.
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| Differentiation of self | Ability to define oneself as a seperate being.
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| Triangles | A three-person emotional configuration that is considered the basic building block of the family system.
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| Family projection process | Spouses who are unable to work through the undifferentiation or fusion that occurs with permanent commitment may, when they become parents, project the resulting anxiety onto the children.
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| Multigenerational transmission process | The manner in which interactional patterns are transferred from one generation to another.
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| Structual model | The family is viewed as a social system within which the individual lives and to which the individual must adapt.
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| Family sytem | founded on a set of invinsible principles that influence the interaction among family members. Concern how, when, and with whom to relate, and are establised over time and through repeated transactions.
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| Transactional patterns | Are the rules that have been established over time that organize the ways in which family members relate to one another.
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| Subsystems | Smaller elements that make up the larger family system. (Individuals, or can consists of two or more persons united by gender, relationship, generation, interest, or purpose.)
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| Boundaries | Define the level of participation and interaction among subsystems. Appropriate when they permit appropriate contact with others while preventing excessive interference.
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| Rigid boundaries | promote disengaement, or extreme seperateness, among family members.
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| Diffuse boundary | Dependency and overinvolvment. Interfere with adaptive functioning because of the onverinvestment, overinvolvment, and lack of differentiation between certain subsystems. Promote enmeshment, or exaggerated connectedness, among family members.
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| Strategic model | The interactional or communications approach. Communication theory is viewed as the foundation. Functional families are open systems where clear and precise messages, congruent with the situation, are sent and recieved. Dysfunctional closed systems.
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| Double-bind communication | A statement is made and succeeded by a contradictory statement. "I'm damned if I do and I damned if I don't"
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| Pseudomutuality | A facade of mutual regard. Emotional investment is directed at maintaining outward representation of reciprocal fulfillment rather than in the relationship itself. Child response- "Yes we are close. I just don't see my parents much."
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| Pseudohostility | Family members deny underlying fears of tenderness and intimacy. Facade of a state of chronic conflict and alienation among family members. Ex:Sister and brother who want nothing to do with each other. Always arguing and can't agree on anything.
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| Marital schism | A state of severe chronic disequilibrium and discord, with recurrent threats of seperation. Undermining of eachother, mutual trust is absent.
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| Marital skew | Lack of equal partnership. One partner dominates the relationship. Marriage remains intact as long as the passive partner allows the domination to continue.
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