Nursing Care of Patients with PNS Disorders
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| complications with MG that cause a cholingergic crisis | not enough medication
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| complications and GBS and respiratory involvement | fatigue and paralysis of the respiratory muscles lead to insufficient respiratory effort, can result in pneumonia
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| what lab test would you order for respiratory function with GBS | Pulmonary function testing
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| baclofen side effects and nursing implications | CNS depression, n, c, avoid operating machinery or driving until effects are known, monitor for respiratory depression
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| trigeminal neuralgia | affects only the sensory portion of the nerve; sudden jabbing pain (5th cranial nerve)
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| bells palsy | Loss of motor control typically occurs on one side of the face; pain behind the ear may precede the onset of paralysis (7th cranial nerve)
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| another name for ALS | Lou Gehrig’s disease
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| anticonvulsants treat what? | nerve pain, i.e. pheynotoin (Dilantin), carbamazepine (Tegretol), gabapentin (neurontin)
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| which med increases blood glucose | Prednisone (a glucocorticoid)
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| atropine is antidote for what medication class | cholinesterase inhibitors
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| how many cranial nerves are there | 12 pairs
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| plasmapheresis | the goal is to remove antibodies through plasma exchange, suppressing the immune response and inflammation
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| plasmapheresis preprocedure nursing care | assess baseline vs, weight, CBC, platelet count, and clotting studies; check blood type and crossmatch
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| pathophysiology of MS | Degeneration of myelin sheath; inflamed nerves; slowed or blocked nerve impulses
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| MS exacerbations due to | stress or illness
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| MS S/S | muscle weakness, numbness, intense fatigue, muscle spasticity, bowel or bladder dysfunction, paralysis, difficulty with concentration, forgetfulness, diplopia, blurred vision, vertigo, ataxia, constipation, sexual dysfunction, anger, depression, euphoria
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| MS therapeutic measures | steroids such as adrenocorticotropic hormone and prednisone to decrease inflammation and edema of the neurons; dilantin and tegretol to relieve nerve pain
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| MS rehabilitation after an acute episode | physical, speech, and occupational therapies
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| Teaching and myasthenia gravis | energy conservation, schedule activities when meds are at peak level, proper nutrition, s/s of crisis conditions, rest periods, avoid people with infections and exposure to cold
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| S/S of GBS | 3 stages: abrupt and rapid onset of muscle weakness and paralysis, with little or no muscle atrophy (24 hours to 3 weeks); s/s most severe but progression stops (2to 14 days); symptoms slowly improve (6 to 24 months)
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| Treatment for trigeminal neuralgia | Dilantin, nerontin, and tegretol for nerve pain; baclofen and clonazepam may also be effective in controlling symptoms; alcohol injection; nerve block, surgery, radio-frequency ablation, or gamma knife radiosurgery
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| Treatment for Bell’s palsy | prevention of complications; Prednisone to decrease inflammation; analgesics for pain; antivirals; moist heat and gentle massage; facial sling
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| Thymectomy and what disorder | used to treat MG; decreases production of Ach receptor antibodies which decreases symptoms in most patients
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| Treatment for MS | interferon therapy with beta-interferons such as Betaseron or Avonex may reduce exacerbations and delay disability
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| Eye care for Bells palsy | administer eye drops or eye ointment; teach patient to use a patch over the affected eye; advise patient to wear glasses or goggles especially when outside or in areas with particles in the air ( all interventions to protect the eye)
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