Anatomy,Physiology &Pathology of the BR
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| A lesion located in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast is located in the | 10-0'clock position
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| Morgagni tubercles are usually found | on the skin of the areola
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| An inverted nipple | sometimes indicates breast cancer
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| Compression of the breast is most effective and most comfortable when applied against the | inferior and lateral aspects
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| The normal breast may have | 15-20 lobes
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| The structure that gives the breast its support and shape is called | Coopers ligament
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| The breast extends vertically from the | second through the sixth rib
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| The thickest portion of the breast is the | tail of Spence
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| Cooper ligaments attach anteriorly to the | fascia of the skin
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| Fatty tissur is generally __and on the mammogram is seen as areas of __ optical density. | radiolucent/higher
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| Typically, a patient with dense fibrous and glandular tissue throughout the entire breast on a baseline mammogram is | below 45
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| Glandular tissue is usually found in the __ of the breast. | central and upper outer quadrant
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| Lymph drainage from the medial half of the breast is generally directed to the | internal mammary lymph nodes
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| Immediately behind the nipple, the connecting duct widens to form the | lactiferous sinus
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| The portion of the breast that holds the milk-producing element is the | lobule
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| Veins are normally located | in the periphery of the breast
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| The TDLU consists of the | both the ETDs and the ITDs
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| A patient began taking synthetic hormones 6 months prior to her current mammogram. The mammogram is most likely to | show increased glandular tissue compared to her previous mammogram
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| A baseline mammogram shows that the patient's breast consists primarily of adipose tissue. This patient is most likely to be | above 60
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| A patient is to have a routine baseline mammogram, but it is determined that the woman is lactating. What should be done and why? | Lactation causes increased glandularity; the mammogram should be postponed.
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| The craniocaudad mammograms of the same woman prior to menopause and 1 year after the onset of menopause are compared. The woman has never taken synthetic hormones. What is the most likely difference? | The mammogram taken after the onset of menopause shows signs of atrophy
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| Which of the following will affect the ratio of glandular tissue to total breast tissue? | -the woman's genetic predisposition
-ratio of total body adipose tissue to total body weight
-drastic weight gain or weight loss
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| Hormone replacement therapy could be recommended to? | -relieve insomnia symptoms
-prevent osteoporosis
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| A woman is referred to as nullipara. This means | she has never given birth to a viable offspring
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| An asymptomatic patient presents with an oval, lobulated tumor with unsharp margins. There is no evidence of a halo sign. | The lesion could be malignant
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| Characteristics of a malignant stellate tumor include which of the following? | -the presence of a central tumor mass.
-the larger the tumor,the longer the spicules.
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| The radial scar or sclerosing duct hyperplasia | -can sometimes be mistaken for carcinoma
-is usually not associated with skin thickening of dimpling over the lesion
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| A mammogram shows a low-density radiopaque tumor. It is oval, lobulated, and a halo is seen along one border only. The next step should be | ultrasound
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| A galactocele | is associated with nursing
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| A lipoma | can be a huge encapsulated lesion occupying the entire breast
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| A rare form of cancer that presents with swelling, warmth, or erythema and mammographically with skin thickening is | inflammatory carcinoma
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| Sometimes described as an oil cyst, this lesion represents an encapsulated area on the mammogram and can be caused by surgery, biopsy,trauma, or radiation therapy. | fat necrosis
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| A benign self-limiting breast tumor that is the result of new disorganized cell growth | hamartoma
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| An infusa-port can be used to | allow repeated access to the venous system
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| The right craniocaudal (RCC) of the routine imaging series showed a small, irregular shaped lesion at the edge of the image plus scattered calcifications including calcification clusters. The next immediate step would be | -spot compression including magnification
-additional imaging to include the margins of the lesion
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