Integumentary Skin/Hair/Nails
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| Vermix caseosa | the waxy or cheese-like white substance found coating the skin of newborn human babies.
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| lanugo | Fine, downy hair as a type of fur. Characteristic of newborns.
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| Pruritic urticarial papules | a chronic hives-like rash that strikes some women during pregnancy. Although extremely annoying for its sufferers (because of the itch), it presents no long-term risk for either the mother or unborn child
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| ETOH | ethyl alcohol
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| Eczema | skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes
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| Papule | Primary Lesion. A circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible fluid, varying in size from a pinhead to 1 cm. They can be either brown, purple, pink or red in colour. The papules may open when scratched and become infected and crusty. Different
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| Macule | Primary Lesion. Flat, nonpalpable localized change in skin color; may be of any size (some say <1cm)
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| Patch | Primary Lesion. Nonpalpable, flat irregular lesion >1cm (e.g:vitiligo, mongolian spots, cafe au lait patch)
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| Plaque | Primary Lesion. Elevated, firm, rough with flat top >1cm. May be formed by confluence of papules (e.g:psoriasis, seborheic, and actinic keratosis).
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| Actinic keratosis | small, rough, raised area found on skin that has been in the sun for a long period of time
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| Nodule | Primary Lesion. Solid elevated, firm circumscribed lesion. More indurated and deeper than a papule >1cm (e.g: erythema nodosum, lipoma)
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| Erythma Nodosum | an inflammatory disorder that involves tender, red bumps (nodules) under the skin
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| Lipoma | Benign tumor composed of adipose tissue. It is the most common form of soft tissue tumor.
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| Wheal | Primary Lesion. Elevated, irregular=shaped area of cutaneous edema (e.g: insect bite, urticaria, allergic rxn
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| Tumor | Primary Lesion. Elevated and solid lesion; may/not be clearly demarcated; deeper in dermis, >2cm. A large nodule. (e.g:neoplasms, benign tumor, lipoma
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| Vesicle | Primary Lesion.Elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not into dermis, serous filled fluid sac <1cm (e.g:varicella, herpes zoster).
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| Bullae | Primary Lesion. Vesicles > 1cm. Blisters.
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| Pustule | Primary Lesion. Elevated, superficial lesion cloudy fluid filled collectio nof leukocytes and free fluid that varies in size (e.g:impetigo, acne, folliculitis.)
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| Impetigo | A common skin infection. Symptoms: A single or possibly many blisters filled with pus; easy to pop and -- when broken -- leave a reddish raw-looking base.
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| Cyst | Primary Lesion. Elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion, compressible liquid or semisolid-filled nodule (e.g.:sebaceous cyst, cystic acne.
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| Telangiectasia | Primary Lesion. Fine, irregular red lines produced by capillary dilation.
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| Scale | Secondary Lesion. Fine, irregular, redlines produced by capillary dilation
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| Lichenification | Secondary Lesion. Rough, thickened epidermis caused by persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation (ie: chronic dermatitis).
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| Keloid | Secondary Lesion. Irregular-shaped elevated progressively enlarging scar; grounds beyond boundaries of wound due to excessive collagen formation during wound healing.
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| Scar | Secondary Lesion. Abnormal formation of connective tissue; dermal damage; post injury/surgery are initially thick and pink. W/ time become white/atrophic.
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| Excoriation | Loss of the epidermis; linear hollowed0out crusted area often caused by scratching
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| Erosion | Secondary Lesion. Focal loss of epidermis only; usually heal w/o scarring; depressed and moist, glistening; follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla
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| Ulcer | Loss of epidermis/dermis; concave;usually heal with scarring.
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| Diabetic Foot Ulcer | Secondary Lesion. Ulcerated plaque over weight bearing area of foot
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| Crust | Secondary Lesion. Collection of dried serum, blood or purulent exudate/cellular debris, slight elevation.
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| Atrophy | Secondary Lesion. A depression in the skin resulting from the thinning of epidermis/dermis. Characterized as translucent and paper like (striae;aged skin)
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| Tinea Corporis | skin infection due to fungi. It is also called ringworm of the body. Symptoms: Symptoms may include itching. The rash begins as a small area of red, raised spots and pimples. The rash slowly becomes ring-shaped.
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| Zoster | Shingles. Characterized by one-sided pain, tingling, or burning.)
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| Stage 1 Ulcer | Nonblanchable erythema of intact skin (skin remains erythematous under pressure). Can be superficial or represent deep tissue damage.)
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| Stage 2 Ulcer | Partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis or dermis. No SQ tissue is visible. Lesions may look like an abrasion or a shallow depression.
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| Stage 3 Ulcer | Full-thickness skin loss. SQ tissue is dmaged or nerotic and invisible in the wound. May have been undermining of the skin surrounding the wound. The fascia of underlying tissue is intact.
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| Stage 4 Ulcer | Extend into bone or muscle. Ulcers are associated with xtensive damage and necrosis. Prosthetic joints or other.
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| Hirsutism | growth of terminal hair in women in male distribution caused by high androgen levels
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| Alopecia Areata | sudden, rapid, patchy loss of hair, usually from scalp or face
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| Scarring Alopecia | Skin disorders of the scalp or follicles result in scarring and destruction of hair follicles and permanent hair loss
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| Traction Alopecia | Prolonged tension of the hair from traction breaks of the heair shaft
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| Nail Clubbing | Symptom of systemic hypoxia. Characteristic of COPD
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| Schamroth Technique | Placing nails together in order to view a "triangle". Lack of "triangle" indicates clubbing
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| Paronychia | Inflammation of the paronchium
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| Onychomycosis/Tinea Unguium | Fungal infection of the nail
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| Ingrown nails | nails pierce the lateral nail fold and grow into dermis
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| Subungual hematoma | trauma to the nail plate severe enough to cause immediate bleeding and pain
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| Leukonychia Punctata | White spots on the nail plate
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| Median Nail Dystrophy | nail deformity due to nail picking or biting habits
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| Onycholysis | loosening of the nail plate w/ separation from the nail bed that begins at the distal groove
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| Koilonychia | Spoon nails; softening and thinning of the nail plate
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| Beau Lines | horizontal depressions across the nail plate caused by a ransient arrest in nail growth
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| White Banding | Transverse white bands associated with cirrhosis, CHF, DM
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| Psoriasis | Chronic and recurrent disease of keratin synthesis
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| Warts | epidermal neoplasm caused by viral infection
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| Digital Mucous Cysts | cystlike structures that contain a clear jelly-like substance
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| Linea Nigra | Black line that forms on the abdomen during pregnancy
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| Mongolian Spots | benign, flat, congenital birthmark with wavy borders and irregular shape
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| Milia | tiny white bumps or small cysts on the skin that are almost always seen in newborn babies.
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| What needs to be measured/recorded for all atypical skin findings? | Color, Size, Shape, Distribution, Exudate
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