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For P1 Students

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Generic
Brand
Common Dose
Therapeutic Class
Common Indications
Absolute Contraindiations
Side Effects
Penicillin VK   Penicillin V Potassium   250mg BID, 500mg TID, 2-4g/day QID   Antibiotic, Penicillin   Treat bacterial infections   show N/V/D, rash, anaphylaxis, hemolytic anemia  
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Piperacillin & Tazobactam   Zosyn   IV: 3.375-4.5g q4-8 hrs   Antibiotic, Penicillin   show Hypersensitivity to it, other penicillins, other beta lactamase inhibitors   N/V/D, rash, anaphylaxis, headache, fever, insomnia, agitation, edema, constipation, pain, oral candidiasis, cardiac problems  
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Azithromycin   Azasite, Zithromax, Zmax   1 gtt/eye BID x 2 days, 1 gtt SID x 5 days, 500mg SID 1-3 days, then 250mg SID x 4 days; some 1-2g once   Antibiotic, Macrolide, Ophthalmic   Treat bacterial infections, bacterial conjunctivitis   show N/V/D, rash, anaphylaxis, headache, abdominal pain, hepatotoxicity, myasthenic crisis  
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show Biaxin   250-500mg BID, 1000mg SID x 7-14 days   Antibiotic, Macrolide   Treat bacterial infections   Hypersensitivity to it, other macrolides, co-administration with ergot derivatives   N/V/D, anaphylaxis, headache, abdominal pain, indigestion, abnormal taste, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, hepatitis, liver failure  
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Ciprofloxacin   Ciloxan, Cetraxal, Cipro, Proquin   Ophthalmic: 1-2 gtt q2 hrs x 24 hrs, then 1-2 gtt q4 hrs; Otic: 0.25mg BID x 7 days; Oral/IV: 400-750mg q12 hrs x 3 days-6 weeks   Antibiotic, Quinolone, Opthalmic, Otic   Treat bacterial infections   show N/V/D, anaphylaxis, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, tendinitis, tendon rupture, aplastic or hemolytic anemia, bone marrow depression, peripheral neuropathy, dizziness, restlessness, seizure, psychosis, acute renal failure, burning/pain in eye  
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Levofloxacin   Levaquin, Quixin, Iquix   500-750mg SID x3-60 days; 1-2 gtt q30 min-2 hrs x 1-3 days, then 1-2 gtt q1-4 hrs x 4-5 days   Antibiotic, Quinolone, Respiratory Fluoroquinolone   Treat bacterial infections   Hypersensitivity to it, other quinolones   show
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Moxifloxacin   Avelox, Vigamox   400mg q24 hrs x 4-14 days; Ophthalmic: 1 gtt/eye TID x 7 days   show Treat bacterial infections   Hypersensitivity to it, other quinolones   N/V/D, anaphylaxis, S-J syndrome, tendinitis, tendon rupture, anemia, cardiac problems, dry eyes  
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Cefazolin   Ancef, Kefzol   IM/IV: 1-1.5g q8 hrs, max 12g/day   Antibiotic, Cephalosporin, First Generation   Treat bacterial infections   show Diarrhea, anaphylaxis, S-J syndrome, hepatotoxicity, seizure, pruritus, drug-induced eosinophilia, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, encephalopathy  
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Ceftriaxone   Rocephin   show Antibiotic, Cephalosporin, Third Generation   Treat bacterial infections, Sx prophylaxis   Hypersensitivity to it, other cephalosporins, hyperbilirubinemic neonates (esp. premature), concomitant use with IV Ca2+ solutions in neonates   D/V, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, hemolytic anemia, transient increased liver enzymes, immune hypersensitivity rxn, reversible disorder of gallbladder, kernicterus of newborn, kidney or lung finding  
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Cephalexin   Keflex   250-1000mg q6 hrs, max 4g/day   Antibiotic, Cephalosporin, First Generation   Treat bacterial infections   Hypersensitivity to it, other cephalosporins   show
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Sulfamethoxazole & Trimethoprim   Bactrim, Septra, Sulfatrim   Based on trimethoprim: S800/T160mg q12-24 hrs; IV: 8-20mg TMP/kg/day q6-12 hrs   Antibiotic, Msc/Sulfonamide derivative   Treat bacterial infections   Hypersensitivity to it, other sulfas, megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency, infants < 2 months of age, hepatic damage or renal disease, pregnancy at term, breastfeeding   show
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show Adoxa, Doryx, Monodox, Oracea, Vibramycin   100-200mg/day SID-BID   Antibiotic, Tetracycline derivative   Treat bacterial infections, acne   Hypersensitivity to it, other tetracyclines   Photosensitivity, drug-induced GI disturbance, elevated serum blood urea nitrogen, bulging fontanelle  
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Clindamycin   Cleocin, Clindagel, Clindamax, Evoclin   show Antibiotic, Lincosamide, Topical skin product, Acne product   Treat bacterial infections, acne   Hypersensitivity to it, lincomycin, previous pseudomembranous colitis, regional enteritis, ulcerative colitis   N/D, rash, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, elevated liver function test, jaundice  
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Metronidazole   Flagyl   500-750mg q4-6 hrs, max 4g/day; IV: 1g loading dose   Amoebicide, Antibiotic, Msc, Topical, Antiprotozoal, Nitroimidazole   show Hypersensitivity to it, other nitroimidazole derivatives, first trimester pregnancy   Nausea, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, dizziness, headache, seizure, J-H rxn, candida infection of genitals, vaginal irritation or discharge, leukopenia, aseptic meningitis, encephalopathy, peripheral neuropathy, seizure, ototoxicity  
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Nitrofurantoin   show 50-100mg q6 hrs x 7 days; Macrobid 100mg BID x 7 days   Antibiotic, Msc   Treat urinary tract infections (UTIs)   Hypersensitivity to it, renal imairment, < 1 month of age, pregnancy 38-42 weeks, previous Hx of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic impairment, Beers criteria   N/V, hemolytic anemia, loss of appetite, cholestatic jaundice, hepatic necrosis, hepatitis, drug hypersensitivity syndrome, immune hypersensitivity rxn, interstitial lung dz, pulmonary fibrosis and toxicity, neuropathy  
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Rifampin   show 10mg/kg/day, up to 600mg/day for 4 months   Antibiotic, Msc, Antitubercular agent   Manage active TB, eliminate meningococci   Hypersensitivity to it, other rifamycins, concurrent use with amprenavir, saquinavir, ritonavir (other protease inhibitors)   Discolored saliva, tears, or urine; loss of appetite, heartburn, nausea, sweat, influenza-like illness,thrombocytopenia, high-dose therapy, hepatotoxicity  
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show Vancocin   Oral: 500-2000mg/day q6 hrs; IV: 2-3g/day q8-12 hrs   Glycopeptide   Treat bacterial infections   Hypersensitivity to it, use in patients with previous hearing loss from the medicine   N/V, anaphylaxis, drug-induced erythroderma, neutropenia, drug hypersensitivity syndrome, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, thrombocytopenia  
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Fluconazole   Diflucan   150mg once or 200-800mg/day   Antifungal agent, Oral, Parenteral   Treat candidiasis, fungal infections, prophylaxis for bone marrow transplants   show N/V, S-J syndrome, elevated liver enzymes, headache, torsades de pointes, seizure  
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Acyclovir   Zovirax   Oral: 200-800mg q4 hrs x 5 days-12 months; IV: 5-10mg/kg/dose q8hrs x 5-7 days; Topical: q3 hrs x 7 days   Antiviral agent, Topical   Treatment of HSV (genital), cold sores, herpes zoster (shingles) varicella zoster (chicken pox), HSV encephalitis, neonatal, mucocutaneous   Hypersensitivity to it or valacyclovir   show
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Valacyclovir   Valtrex   1-2g BID-QID x 3+ days   Antiviral agent, Oral   show Hypersensitivity to it or acyclovir   N/V, rash, abdominal pain, headache, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, aseptic meningitis, encephalopathy, seizure, hemolytic uremic syndrome  
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Oseltamivir   Tamiflu   Prophylaxis: 74mg SID x 10 days; Treatment: 75mg BID x 5 days   Antiviral agent, Neuraminidase inhibitor   Treatment of acute illness, influenza A or B synptoms ≤ 2 days ≥ 1 year old, prophylaxis   show N/V, anaphylaxis, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, facial swelling, abdominal pain, GI hemorrhage, hemorrhagic colitis, hepatitis, seizure, abnormal behavior, delirium  
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Acetaminophen   Tylenol, Excedrin, Anacin, Cetafen   325-650mg q4-6 hrs, 1000mg TID-QID, max 4g/day   show Treatment of mild to moderate pain, fever   Hypersensitivity to it   N/V, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, pruritus, headache, insomnia, agitation, liver failure, atelectasis, pneumonitis, constipation  
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Aspirin   Bayer, Ecotrin, St. Joseph's   Initially 2.4-3.6g/day, max 5.4g/day; 325-650mg q4-6 hrs, max 4g/day   Antiplatelet agent, Salicylate (NSAID warnings)   Treatment of mild to moderate pain, inflammation, fever; Prevention/treatment of myocardial infarction, stroke, management of rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever, osteoarthritis, gout (in high doses), heart Sx   Hypersensitivity to it, other salicylates and NSAIDs, asthma, rhinitis, nasal polyps, bleeding disorders, children < 16 yrs of age, pregnancy (esp. 3rd trimester)   show
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Ibuprofen   Advil, Midol, Motrin   400-800mg TID-QID, max 3.2g/day   NSAID, Oral, Parenteral   Treatment of mild to moderate pain, inflammatory disease, rheumatoid disorders, dysmenorrhea, osteoarthritis   show Rash, headache, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, congestive heart failure, hypertension, myocardial infarction, bledding, anemia, heatitis, hepatotoxicity, liver failure, jaundice, acute renal failure, Reye's syndrome, GI problems  
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Naproxen   Aleve, Midol [Extended Relief], Pamprin   Initial dose of 500mg, then 250mg q6-8 hrs, max 1.25g/day   NSAID   Treatment of mild to moderate pain, management of ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid disorders, acute gout, tendonitis, bursitis, dysmenorrhea, fever   show Rash, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, edema, abd. pain, constpiation, heartburn, anemia, hepatitis, liver failure, jaundice, acute renal failure, nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, congestive heart failure, GI problems  
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Cetirizine   Zyrtec, AllDay   5-10mg SID   show Treatment of perennial and seasonal allergies   Hypersensitivity to it, hydroxyzine   Xerostomia, headache, somnolence, fatigue  
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Chlorpheniramine   Ahist, Allerchlor, Chlorhist, Chlorphen, Teldrin   4mg q4-6 hrs, max 24mg/day   Histamine H1 antagonist, first generation   show Hypersensitivity to it, narrow angle glaucoma, bladder neck obstruction, acute asthmatic attacks, premature/term newborns (associated with SIDS), Beers Criteria   N/V/D, constipation, somnolence  
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Diphenhydramine   show 25-50mg q6-8 hrs, max 400mg/day   Histamine H1 antagonist, first generation   Allergy symptoms, anaphylaxis (when combined with epinephrine), night time sleep aid, prevention/treatment of motion sickness, antitussive, manage Parkinson's syndrome   Hypersensitivity to it, acute asthma, neonates/preemies, breast feeding, local anaesthetic use (injection)   Xerostomia, anaphylaxis, dizziness, dyskinesia, sedation, somnolence, dry nasal mucosa, pharyngeal dyness, thick bronchial sputum  
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Loratidine   Claritin, Alavert, Tavist   show Histamine H1 antagonist, second generation   Nasal & non-nasal seasonal allergic rhinits, chronic idiopathic urticaria   Hypersensitivty to it   Xerostomia, headache, somnolence, fatigue, decreased liver function  
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Hydrocodone & Chlorpheniramine   Tussionex, Tussicaps   Capsule: 10mg/8mg (1 capsule) q12 hrs, max 2 caps/day; Liquid: 5mL q12 hrs, max 10mL/day   show Relief of cough and upper respiratory symptoms associated with cold and allergy   Hypersensitivity, children < 6 yrs of age   N/V, rash, chest tightness, anxiety, dizziness, drowsiness, dysphoria, euphoria, fear, sedation, psychological dependence, constipation, pruritus, ureteral spasm, urinary retention, vesicle sphincter spasm, dryness of pharynx, respiratory depression  
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Benzonatate   Tessalon, Zonatuss   100mg TID-q4 hrs, max 600mg/day   Antitussive   show Hypersensitivty to it, related drugs   Nausea, dizziness, headache, sedation, somnolence; If capsules are broken or chewed, numbness of tongue and throat and oral hypoaesthesia may occur  
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Dextromethorphan   Delsym, Robitussin, Pediacare, Triaminic, Vicks 44, 12hr Cough Relief   show Antitussive   Treatment of cough caused by common cold or inhaled irritants   Hypersensitivity, concurrent administration/use within 2 weeks of taking an MAOI   Dizziness, somnolence, fatigue  
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Guafinesin   Mucinex   200-400mg q4 hrs; ER: 600-1200mg q12 hrs, max 2.4g/day   Expectorant   show Hypersensitivity to it   N/V  
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Oxymetazoline   Afrin, Duramist, 12hr Nasal Relief   Opthalmic: 1-2gtt/eye q6 hrs prn; Nasal: 2-3 sprays each nostril BID x 3 days   Adrenergic agonist agent, Imidazoline derivative, Vasoconstrictor, Nasal, Ophthalmic   Treatment of nasal congestion, acute or chronic rhinitis, common cold, hay fever, allergies; Opthalmic: eye redness, minor irritants   show Headache, insomnia, nervousness, nasal congestion, rebound, dry nasal mucosa, stinging/burning in nostrils, sneezing, cardiac dysrhythmia, tachyarrhythmia, hypertension  
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Phenylephrine   Afrin nasal mist, Pediacare, Sudafed   Oral: 10-20mg q4 hrs (HCl), 10-20mg q12 hrs (tannate); Nasal: 1-2 sprays q4 hrs x 3 days; Hemorrhoids: QID   Alpha/beta agonist, Opthalmic agent: Antiglaucoma, Mydriatic   Treatment of nasal/nasopharyngeal mucosal congestion, relief of eye redness, treatment of hemorrhoids   Hypersensitivity to it, hypertension, tachycardia, narrow-angle glaucoma, administration with or within 2 wks of an MAOI, use in newborns, while breastfeeding   show
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Pseudoephedrine   show 60mg q4-6 hrs, 120mg q12 hrs, 240mg q24 hrs, max 240mg/day   Alpha/beta agonist   Nasal congestion due to common cold, upper respiratory allergies, sinusitis, promotion of nasal or sinus discharge   Hypersensitivity to it, use with or within 14 days of an MAOI, use in newborns, while breastfeeding   Hypertension, tachyarrhythmia, insomnia, anxiety, nervousnes, restlessness, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, premature ventricular contractions  
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Bisacodyl   show 5-15mg single dose, 30mg for complete evacuation; take on empty stomach for rapid effect; do not use within 1 hr of ingesting dairy or antacids; Suppository: 10mg once   Laxative, Stimulant   Constpiation, colonic evacuation prior to procedures   Hypersensitivity to it, abdominal pain or obstruction, nausea, vomiting, Beers Criteria   Abdominal colic, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, atony of colon; Suppository: proctitis  
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Senna   Senokot, Black Draught, Sennagen, Fleet, Ex-Lax   12mg SID, upto 70-100mg/day BID, max 7 days. 130mg between 2-4pm day prior to exam (for colonic evacuation)   Laxative, Stimulant   show Hypersensitivity to it, intenstinal obstruction, Crohn's disease, colitis ulcerosa, appendicitis, abdominal pain of unknown origin, pregnancy   Abdominal pain, nausea, cramps, diarrhea, melanotic pigmentation of the colonic mucosa, electrolyte abnormalities, urine discoloration, nephritis, finger clubbing  
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Polyethylene Glycol   show 17g (approx. 1 heaping Tbsp) dissolved in 4-8oz beverage SID up to 7 days (longer if directed)   Laxative, Osmotic   Treatment of occasional constipation in adults   Hypersensitivity to it   N/D, flatulence, stomach cramps, swollen abdomen  
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Docusate   Colace, Correctol, Dolcolax, Fleet   50-500mg/day in 1-4 doses; 50-100mg in enema fluid   Stool softener   Constipation associated with hard and dry stools, prophylaxis for straining following myocardial infarction, patients who should avoid straining; doses < 200mg may be ineffective in long term treatment   Hypersensitivity to it, concomitant use with mineral oil, intestinal obstruction, acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting   show
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show Imodium, Diamode   Initial dose of 4mg followed by 2mg after each loose stool, max 8-16mg/day depending on severity of diarrhea   Antidiarrheal   Treatment of chronic diarrhea associated with inflammatory bowel disease, acute nonspecific diarrhea, increased volume of ileostomy discharge   Hypersensitivity to it, abdominal pain without diarrhea, use as primary therapy in acute dysentery, acute ulcerative colitis, bacterial enterocolitis, pseudomembranous colitis, children < 2 yrs of age   N/D, abdominal pain, xerostomia, dizziness, somnolence, fatigue, hyperglycemia, necrotizing enterocolitis in fetus or newborn  
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show Millipred, Omnipred, Orapred, Prelone, Veripred   5-60mg/day, titrated to lowest effective dose   Corticosteroid, Opthalmic, Systemic   Treatment of inflammation, inflammatory disorders, endocrine disorders   Hypersensitivity to it, acute superficial herpes simplex keratitis, live or attenuated virus vaccines, systemic fungal or bacterial infections, varicella   Edema, hypertension, acne, hyperflycemia, abnormal lipid count, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, cataracts, glaucoma, psychosis, congestiv heart failure, Cushing's disease, pseudotumor cerebri, seizures, Kaposi's sarcoma, diabetes mellitus  
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Albuterol inhaler (HFA)   AccuNeb, ProAir HFA, Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA, VoSpire ER   Bronchospasm: 2 puffs q4-6 hr; Asthma: 4-8 puffs q20min for up to 4 hrs (patients < 12 yrs take 3 doses), then q1-4 hrs prn; Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm: 1-2 puffs 5-30 min prior to exercise   Beta-2 agonist   show Hypersensitivity to it   Nausea, tachyarrhythmia, hypokalemia, pharyngitis, throat irritation, nervousness, headache, remor, cough, rhinitis, upeer respiratory infection, viral lower respiratory infection, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, pulmonary edema  
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Salmeterol (Diskus)   Serevent   1 inhalation BID   Beta-2 agonist; Beta-2 adrenergic agonist, Long-acting   Maintenance treatment of asthma; prevention of bronchospasm with reversible obstructive airway disease, including nocturnal asthma; prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm; maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with COPD   show Headache, musculoskeletal pain, prolonged QT interval, exacerbation of asthma, asthma-related death  
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Fluticasone inhaler (HFA)   Flovent Diskus, Flovent HFA   88-880mcg BID   Corticosteroid, Inhalant (Oral)   Maintenance treatment of asthma as prophylactic therapy; also indicated for patients requiring oral corticosteroid therapy for asthma to assist in total discontinuation or reduction of complete oral dose   Hypersensitivity to it, primary treatment of status asthmaticus or acute bronchospasm   show
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show Nasonex   2 sprays/nostril SID-BID; < 12 yrs, 1 spray/nostril   Corticosteroid, Nasal   Treatment of nasal symptoms of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis; prevention of nasal symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis; treatment of nasal polyps in adults   Hypersensitivity to it   Anaphylaxis, headache, angioedema, aabdominal pain, indigestion, nausea, backache, musculoskeletal pain, myalgia, secondary hypocortisolism, candidiasis, epistaxis, pharyngitis, UR infection  
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Ipratropium inhaler (HFA)   Atrovent HFA   Acute asthma exacerbation: Nebulizer: 500mcg q20 min x 3 doses, then prn; MDI: 8 inhalations 120 min prn up to 3 hrs; COPD bronchospasm: Nebulizer: 500mcg TID-QID q6-8 hrs, MDI: 2 inhalations QID up to 12 inhalations/day; < 12 yrs use half to full dose   Anticholinergic agent   Anticholinergic bronchodilator used in bronchospasm associated with COPD, bronchitis, and emphysema   show Anaphylaxis, abnormal taste in mouth, xerostomia, nasal congestion, dry nasal mucosa, myocardial infarction, paralytic ileus, immune hypersensitivity rxn, angioedema, bronchospasm, urticaria, oropharyngeal edema, cerebrovascular accident  
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Tiotropium (Handihaler)   Spiriva   1 capsule inhaled SID (two inhalations)   Anticholinergic agent   Maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with COPD, including bronchitis and emphysema; reduction of COPD exacerbations   show Constipation, xerostomia, pharyngitis, sinusitis, UR infection, bowel obstruction, cerebrovascular accident  
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Montelukast   Singulair   show Leukotriene receptor agonist   Prophylactic and chronic treatment of asthma, relief of symptoms of seasonal and perrenial allergic rhinitis, prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm   Hypersensitivity to it   Headache, allergic granulomatous angiitis, cholestatic hepatitis, aggressive or altered behavior, suicidal thoughts  
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Isotretinoin   Amnesteem, Claravis, Sotret   0.5-2mg/kg/day BID x 15-20 weeks, or until acne decreases by 70% (whichever comes first); may be repeated after > 2 months off   show Treat severe recalcitrant nodular acne unresponsive to conventional therapy   Hypersensitivity to it, parabens, vitamin A, other retinoids, pregnancy   Anaphylaxis, alopecia, cheilitis, dry skin, pruritus, retinoid dermatitis, xerostomia, arthralgia, conjunctivitis, epistaxis, elevated serum triglyceride, pancreatitis, neutropenia, hepatotoxicity, visual or hearing loss, aggressive behavior, depression  
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Hydrocortisone cream   Cortaid, Cortizone-10, Dermarest, Locoid, HydroZone, Protocort, Texacort   Topical: apply to affected area BID-QID; Rectal: 10-100mg SID-BID x 2-3 weeks   Corticosteroid, Topical, Rectal   Relief of inflammation of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses (low to medium potency topical corticosteroids); adjunctive treatment of ulcerative colitis   show Atrophic condition of skin, impaired skin healing, GI tract disorder, osteoporosis, depression, Cushing's syndrome, drug-induced adrenocortical insufficiency, cataracts, glaucoma, hyperglycemia, immunosuppression  
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Terbinafine (topical)   Lamisil   show Topical antifungal agent   Antifungal for treatment of tinea pedis (athlete's foot), tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea corporis (ringworm); tinea versicolor (prescription only)   Hypersensitivity to it   Diarrhea, headache, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, agranulocytosis, neutropenic disorder, pancytopenia, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, liver failure  
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show Azopt   1 gtt in affected eye TID   Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Opthalmic, Antiglaucoma   Lowers intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma   Hypersensitivity to it or sulfonamides   Headache, blurred vision, bitter taste in mouth, chest pain, immune hypersensitivity rxn  
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Ketotifen (eye drops)   Alaway, Claritin Eye, Zaditor, Zyrtec Itchy Eye   1 gtt in affected eye BID-TID   show Temporary relief of eye itching due to allergic conjunctivitis   Hypersensitivity to it   Headache, dry eyes, conjunctival eye irritation, pain in eye, pharyngitis, rhinitis, influenza  
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Latanoprost (eye drops)   Xalatan   1 gtt in affected eye SID in evening   show Reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma orocularhypertension   Hypersensitivity to it   Blurred vision, eyelash follicle finding, hyperpigmentation of eyelid, iris pigmentation, macular retinal edema  
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show Elidel   Apply thin later to affected area BID   Topical immunosuppressant   Short term and intermittent long-term treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in patients unresponsive to conentional therapy, or when conventional therapy is not appropriate   Hypersensitivity to it   Burning sensation, increased risk of viral infection, headache, fever, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant lymphoma, septic arthritis  
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Timolol (eye drops)   Betimol, Istalol, Timolol, Timoptic   (0.25%): 1 gtt BID in affected eye; (0.5%): 1 gtt SID in AM, max 1 gtt BID   show Treatment of elevated intraocular pressure such as glaucoma or ocular hypertension   Hypersensitivity to it, sinus bradycardia, sinus node dysfunction, heart block greater than first degree (except in patients with functional artificial pacemaker), cardiogenic shock, uncompensated cardiac failure, bronchospastic disease   N/V/D, angina, bradyarrhythmia, heart failure, hypotension, pruritus, rash, urticaria, abdominal pain, indigestion, cramps, confusion, dizziness, headache, blurred vision, burning sensation, cataracts, dry eyes, cardiac dysrhythmia  
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Butalbital, Acetaminophen, & Caffeine   Alagesis, Anolor, Dolgic, Esgic, Fioricet, Margesic, Orbian, Repan, Zebutal   show Barbiturate   Relief of the symptomatic complex of tension or muscle contraction headache   Hypersensitivity to it, porphyria   N/V, abdominal pain, dizziness, sedation, somnolence, lightheadedness, dyspnea, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis, seizure  
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Hydrocodone & Acetaminophen   Hycet, Lorcet, Lortab, Margesic, Maxidone, Norco, Stagesic, Vicodin, Xodol, Zamicet, Zydone   Hydrocodone: 5-10mg QID   Analgesic combination (Opioid)   Relief of moderate to severe pain   Hypersensitivity to it, CNS depression, severe respiratory depression   show
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show Balacet, Darvocet   1-2 tabs q4 hrs prn, max 390mg HCl or 600mg napsylate per day   Analgesic combination (Opioid)   Management of mild to moderate pain   Hypersensitivity to it, severe asthma, hypercapnia, severe respiratory depression, paralytic ileus   N/V, dizziness, sedation, electrocardiogram abnormalities, hypotension, papillary necrosis, respiratory depression  
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Codeine & Acetaminophen   Tylenol with codeine   Codeine: 15-60mg q4-6 hrs, max 360mg/day; max acetaminophen is 4g/day   Analgesic, Opioid   Relief of mild to moderate pain   Hypersensitivity to it, acute/ severe asthma, hypercapnia, severe respiratory depression, paralytic ileus   show
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Oxycodone   Oxycontin, Roxicodone   5-20mg q4-6 hrs prn; CR: 10mg q12 hrs   show Management of moderate to severe pain, normally used in combination with nonopioid analgesics   Hypersensitivity to it, acute/ severe asthma, hypercapnia, severe respiratory depression, paralytic ileus   N/V, pruritus, sweating, constipation, xerostomia, asthenia, dizziness, somnolence, cardiac arrest, heart failure, hypotension, shock, immune hypersensitivity rxn, apnea, resppiratory arrest, respiratory depression  
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Tramadol   Ultram, Rybix, Ryzolt   50-100mg q4-6hrs, max 400mg/day; ER: 100mg SID   show Relief of moderate to severe pain   Hypersensitivity to it, Opioid dependency, acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, centrally-acting analgesics, opioids, or psychotropic drugs   N/V, constipation, xerostomia, dizziness, headache, insomnia, somnolence, myocardial infarction, flushing, pruritus, pancreatitis, anaphylactoid reaction, seizure, dyspnea, respiratory depression  
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Bismuth   Bismatrol, Diotame, Kao-Tin, Kaopectate, Maalox, Pepto   524mg q30 min-1 hr, max 8 doses/day; 524mg QID w/meals, at bedtime (H. pylori)   Antidiarrheal   show Hypersensitivity to it, subsalicylate formulation: children with viral fevers, hypersensitivity to salicylates, Hx of severe GI bleeding, Hx of coagulopathy, pregnancy in 3rd trimester   N/V/D, constipation, grayish-black stool, tongue discoloration, neurotoxicity  
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Calcium Carbonate   show 1-1.2g/day   Antacid, Antidote Calcium salt, Electrolyte supplement, Oral   Antacid, Tx and prevention of Ca2+ deficiency or hyperphosphatemia (osteoporosis, hypoarathyroidism, postmenopausal osteoporosis, rickets), bind phosphate   Hypercalcemia, renal calculi, hypophosphatemia, patients with suspected digoxin toxicity   N/V, headache, hypophosphatemia, hypercalcemia, constpiation, laxative effect, acid rebound, anorexia, abdominal pain, xerostomia, flatulence, milk-alkali syndrome (high chronic dose), renal failure  
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show Soma   250-350mg TID and at bedtime   Skeletal muscle relaxant   Short-term (2-3 week) Tx of acute musculoskeletal pain   Hypersensitivity to it or meprobamate, acute intermittent porphyria, Beers Criteria   Dizziness, headache, somnolence, seizure, drug abuse or dependence, withdrawal signs or symptoms  
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Cyclobenzaprine   Amrix, Fexmid, Flexeril   5mg TID; ER: 15mg SID   Skeletal muscle relaxant   show Hypersensitivity to it, use with or within 12 days of taking an MAOI, hyperthyroidism, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, heart block or conduction disturbances, acute recovery phase of MI, Beers Criteria   Anaphylaxis, palpitations, bad taste, constipation, indigestion, nausea, pharyngeal dryness, xerostomia, asthenia, confusion, dizziness, headache, somnolence, blurred vision, feeling nervous, cardiac dysrhythmia, cholestasis, hepatitis, jaundice  
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Lactulose   show 10-30g (15-45mL) SID-QID; Rectal: 200g (300mL) with 700mL H2O; Ped: 0.7-60g (2.5-90mL) in divided doses/day   Ammonium detoxicant, Osmotic laxative   Prevention and treatment of portal-systemic encephalopathy (including hepatic precoma and coma), Tx constipation   Use in patients requiring a low galactose diet   N/V/D, bloating, flatulence, cram, epigastric pain, hypernatremia, hypokalemia  
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Ondansetron   Zofran, Zuplenz   0.15mg/kg TID, 0.45mg/kg SID, 8-10mg SID-BID, 24-32mg SID   Antiemetic, Selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist   Prevention of N/V associated with moderately to highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy; radiotherapy; prevention of post-op N/V, Tx of post-op N/V if no prophylactice dose of ondansetron received   Hypersensitivity to it, other 5-HT3 antagonists, concomitant use of apomorphine   show
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Ketorolac   Acular, Acuvail   Oral: 20mg, then 10mg q4-6 hrs; Ophthalmic: 1 gtt QID x 4-14 days; IV: 30mg single or q6 hrs; IM: 60mg single, 30mg q6 hrs, max 120mg   NSAID   Oral/Injection: < 5 day management of moderate to severe acute pain requiring opioid analgesia; Ophthalmic: temporary relief of ocular itching due to seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, treatment of post-op symptoms from cataract or refractive Sx   Hypersensitivity to it, other NSAIDs, Hx of peptic ulcer disease or GI bleeding/perforation, renal disease, concomitant use with probenecid or pentoxifylline, Beers Criteria   show
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Celecoxib   Celebrex   show NSAID, COX-2 selective   Relief of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, Tx of primary dysmenorrhea, reduction of intestinal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis   Hypersensitivity to it, other NSAIDs, sulfonamides, asirin, perioperative pain with CABG Sx   N/D, anaphylaxis, hypertension, headache, MI, torsades de pointes, ventricular hypertrophy, erythema multiforme, erythroderma, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, GI hemmorhage/perforation/ulcer, thromboses, hepatitis, liver failure  
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Cimetidine   Tagamet   300mg QID, 800mg hs, 400mg BID up to 8 weeks, max 800mg BID up to 12 weeks; Heartburn relief: 200mg up to BID   show Short term treatment of active duodenal ulcers and benign gastric ulcers; maintenance therapy of duodenal ulcers; treatment of gastric hypersecretory states; treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)   Hypersensitivity to it, other H2 antagonists   Gynecomastia, headache, necrotizing enterocolitis in fetus or newborn, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, seizure, psychotic disorder  
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show Pepcid, Heartburn relief   Acute: 40mg hs, 20mg BID x 4-8 weeks; Maintenance: 20mg hs, up to 160mg q6 hrs; Children: 0.5mg/kg/day po, divided BID, max 40mg/day or BID depending on situation; OTC: > 12 yrs old   Histamine H2 antagonist   Maintenance therapy and treatment of duodenal ulcer; treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), active benign gastric ulcer, pathological hypersecretory conditions   Hypersensitivity to it or other H2 antagonists   Anaphylaxis, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, necrotizing enterocolitis in fetus or newborn, angioedema, seizure, interstitial pneumonia, nosocomial pneumonia  
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Ranitidine   Zantac   150mg SID-BID; 300mg SID hs; Pediatric (1 mo-16 yr): 2-10mg/kg/day divided BID po; IV: 2-4mg/kg q6-8 hrs; Prevention of heartburn, > 12 yrs and OTC: 75 mg before food/drink, max 150mg/day   show Short term and maintenance treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, GERD, active benign ulcer, erosive esophagitis, pathological hypersecretory conditions; part of a multidrug regimen for eradication of H. pylori to reduce risk of duodenal ulcer   Hypersensitivity to it   Abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, headache, bradyarrhythmia, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, necrotizing enterocolitis in fetus or newborn, pancreatitis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis  
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Lansoprazole   show 15-60mg SID, up to 90mg BID x usually 4-12 weeks; Pediatric: 15-30mg SID x up to 12 weeks   Proton pump inhibitor, Substituted benzimidazole   Short term treatment of active duodenal ulcers, maintenance Tx of healed duodenal ulcers, part of multidrug regimen to eradicate H. pylori, Tx and reduce risk of NSAID-associated gastric ulcer, Tx of GERD, promote healing of esophagus   Hypersensitivity to it   N/D, anaphylaxis, abdominal pain, constipation, headache, pancreatitis, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, bone fracture, rhabdomyolysis, acute interstitial nephritis  
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Esomeprazole   Nexium   20-40mg SID, up to 240mg/day   Proton pump inhibitor, Substituted benzimidazole   Oral: short-term (4-8 wks) Tx of erosive esophagitis; maintaining healing of erosive esophagitis; Tx of symptomatic GERD; as part of multidrug regimen to eradicate H. pylori; reduce risk of gastric ulcer from NSAID therapy   show D/N, anaphylaxis, abdominal pain, constipation, flatulence, xerostomia, headache, somnolence, S-J syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, angioedema, bone fracture, rhabdomyolysis, acute interstitial nephritis  
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Metoclopramide   Metozolv, Reglan   show Antiemetic, Gastrointestinal agent, Prokinetic   Oral: symptomatic Tx of diabetic gastroparesis, gastroesophageal reflux; IV/IM: prevention and/or Tx of N/V associated with chemo/post-Sx to stimulate gastric emptying and intestinal transit of Ba during radiological examination of stomach/small intestine   Hypersensitivity to it, GI obstruction/perforation/hemorrhage, pheochromocytoma, Hx of seizures, concomitant use of agents likely to increase extrapyramidal rxns   N/V, edema, asthenia, headache, somnolence, fatigue, neuroleptic malignant syndrome  
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Prochlorperazine   show 5-10mg TID-QID, up to 150mg/day (antipsychotic); Pediatric > 10 yrs: 0.4mg/kg/day divided TID-QID, or 2.5mg q8-24 hrs   Antiemetic, Antipsychotic, Tyipcal, Phenothiazine   Management of N/V, psychotic disorders including schizophrenia and anxiety   Hypersensitivity to it, severe CNS depression, coma, pediatric Sx, Reye's syndrome, use in children < 2 yrs or < 9kg   Hypotension, constipation, xerostomia, akathisia, dizziness, phoyosensitivity, dystonia, blurred vision, prolonged QT interval, torsades de pointes, ineffective thermoregulation, diminished sweating, seizure, priapism  
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Fexofenadine   show 60mg BID or 180mg SID   Histamine H1 antagonist, Second generation, Piperidine derivative   Relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis, treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria, OTC labeling, relief of symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis   Hypersensitivity to it   Indigestion, dizziness, headache, somnolence, otitis media, dysmenorrhea, upper respiratory infection, fatigue, viral disease, cold, influenza  
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Doxazosin   Cardura   Titration up to 16mg/day (8mg for BPH, 16mg for hypertension)   Alpha-1 blocker   Treatment ofhyertension as monotherapy or in conjunction with diuretics, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, or calcium antagonists; Tx of urinary outflow obstruction and/or obstructive and irritative symptoms associated with BPH   show Edema, hypotension, nausea, dizziness, headache, somnolence, vertigo, fatigue, hepatitis, intraoperative flopy iris syndrome, priapism  
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show Flomax   0.4-0.8mg SID, 30 minutes after meal   Alpha-1 blocker   Treatment of signs and symptoms of BPH   Hypersensitivity to it   Infectious disease, backache, asthenia, dizziness, headache, insomnia, somnolence, abnormal ejaculation, rhinitis, retinal detachment, priapism  
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Oxybutynin   Ditropan, Gelnique, Oxytrol   show Antispasmodic agent, Urinary   Antispasmodic for neurogenic bladder (urgency, frequency, leakage, urge incontinence, dysuria); ER formulation also indicated for Tx of detrusor overactivity due to a neurological condition (e.g., sina bifida)   Hypersensitivity to it, risk or diagnosis of narrow-angle glaucoma, urinary retention, gastric retention or conditions with severely decreased GI motility   Application site erythema/rash, pruritus, constipation, diarrhea, xerostomia, angioedema, gastroenteritis, dizziness, somnolence, headache, confusion, seizure, psychotic disorder, mycosis  
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show Detrol   1-2mg BID; ER: 2-4mg SID   Anticholinergic agent   Treatment of patients with overactive bladder with symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, or urge incontinence   Hypersensitivity to it, urinary retention, gastric retention, uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma   Anaphylaxis, constipation, xerostomia, headache, angioedema, dementia, memory impairment  
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Sildenafil   Revatio, Viagra   ED: 50mg (25-100) SID 1 hr prior to sexual activity; Hypertension: 20mg TID, 4-6 hrs apart   Phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme inhibitor   show Hypersensitivity to it, concurrent use of organic nitrates in any form, concurrent use with protease inhibitor regimen when sildenafil is used for pulmonary artery hypertension   Erythema, flushing, indigestion, headache, insomnia, visual disturbance, epistaxis, rhinitis, myocardial infarction, priapism, decreased hearing, hemoglobin sickle cell disease with vaso-occlusive crisis  
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show Epogen, Procrit   50-150 units/kg TIW, 10,000 units TIW to 40-60,000 units SIW   Colony stimulating factor   Treatment of anemia associated with HIV therapy, chronic renal failure, reduction of allogeneic blood transfusion for elective, noncardiac, nonvascular surgery   Hypersensitivity to human albumin or mammalian cell-derived products, uncontrolled hypertension, Hg > 12   N/V/D, edema, hypertension, pruritus, rash, constipation, indigestion, dizziness, headache, insomnia, paresthesia, cough, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, anemia, deep vein thrombosis, porphyria, cerebral ischemia, seizure, encephalopathy  
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Ferrous Sulfate (Oral)   Feosol, Fer-In-Sol, Fer-iron, MyKidz Iron 10, Slow FE   300mg BID, up to 300mg QID; ER: 250mg SID-BID; Elemental: 8-27mg/day   Iron salt   Prevention and treatment of iron-deficiency anemias   show Constipation, dark stools, nausea, immune hypersensitivity reaction  
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Iron Sucrose (Injection)   show Elemental: max 1g over 14 days, 10 doses total, or 3 doses/week; 100-300mg/dose slow infusion   Iron salt   Treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in chronic renal failure, including nondialysis-dependent patients and dialysis-dependent patients receiving erythropoietin therapy   Hypersensitivity to it, evidence of iron overload, anemia not caused by iron deficiency   N/V/D, anaphylaxis, hypotension, leg cramping, headache, seizure, loss of consciousness, collapse, dyspnea  
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show Amoxil, Moxatag   250-500mg q8 hrs, 500-875mg BID, XR: 775mg SID   Antibiotic, Penicillin   Treat bacterial infections   Hypersensitivity to it, other penicillins, other beta lactams   N/V/D, rash, anaphylaxis, fungal infection  
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Amoxicillin & Clavulanate Potassium   Amoclan, Augmentin   Based on amoxicillin component: 250-500mg q8 hrs, 875mg BID   show Treat bacterial infections   Hypersensitivity to it, other penicillins, other beta lactams, Hx of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction; XR: severe renal impairment/hemodialysis   N/V/D, rash, anaphylaxis, fungal infection, S-J syndrome, cholestasis, hepatotoxicity, mycosis  
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