biology5
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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What is pathogen? | Organism that cause diseases
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What is immunity? | The ability to resist infection
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What is general system? | Is non-specific. This means that it acts against all pathogens.
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What is specific defence system? | Is also called the immune system. It attacks particular(or specific) pathogens
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First line of general defence | Skin,Clotting,Lysozyme,Sebaceous Glands, Mucous, Cilia, Acid and Beneficial Bacteria
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S: Physical barriesr | SKIN
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C:The skin is broken, blood ... prevents the entry of further pathogens | CLOTTHING
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L: This is an enzyme found in sweat, tears and saliva. It attacks and dissolves the cell walls of many bacteria | LYSOZYMES
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S.G:Produce chemicals that kill bacteria | SEBACEOUS GLANDS
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C:Theses beat and create current, which moves mucous back up the respiratory system so that it can be swallowed into stomach | CILIA
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A:Hydrochloric... in the stomach kills many pathogens | ACID
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B.B: In the vagina produce lactic acid. This acid prevent the growth of pathogens | BENEFICIAL BACTERIA
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Second line of general defence | Destruction of pathogens by white blood cells, production proteins kill or prevent pathogens from reproducing
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Types second line of general defence | White blood cells
Defence proteins
Inflamation
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White blood cells | Micro-organisms they realease number of chemicals. Destroy any bacteria, viruses or other micro-organisms that they meet
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Types of white blood cells | Phagocytes and magrophages
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Phagocytes | Sunrround and ingest pathogens
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Magrophages | Phagocytes very large, move around the body in body fluids and act as scavengers for pathogens
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Defence proteins | 20 proteins found in the blood plasma. The proteins in complement are activated by infection, and they destroy viruses and other pathogens. Multiplication and help to limit
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Specific defence system | Attacks particular(or specific) pathogens
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Types of specific defence system | Lymphocytes and monocytes
Antigens and antibodies
Active immunity
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Monocytes | Recognise foreign molecules, digest a pathogen, antigens. These antigens then stimulate the production of antibodies
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