Organic Chemistry Basics
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| organic chemistry | chemistry related to the compounds containing carbons
🗑
|
||||
| funcational group | an atom or group of atoms within a molecume that shows a characterisitic set of predictable physical and chemical behaviors
🗑
|
||||
| alcohol group | a compund containing an -OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom
🗑
|
||||
| hydroxyl group | an -OH group bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom
🗑
|
||||
| amine | an organic compund in which 1,2 or 3 hydrogens of ammonia are replaced by carbon groups of RNH2 OR R2NH OR R3N
🗑
|
||||
| amino group | an -NH2, RNH2, OR R3N group
🗑
|
||||
| carbonyl group | a C=O group
🗑
|
||||
| aldehyde | a compound containing a carbonyl group bonded to a hydrogen a -CHO group
🗑
|
||||
| ketone | a compound containing a carbonyl group bonded to 2 carbon groups
🗑
|
||||
| carboxyl group | a -COOH group
🗑
|
||||
| ester | a derivation of carboxylic in which the H of the carbon group
🗑
|
||||
| alkane | a saturated hydrocarbon whose carbon atoms are arranged in a chain
🗑
|
||||
| hydrocarbon | a compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms
🗑
|
||||
| saturated hydrocarbon | a hydrocarbon that contains only C-C bonds
🗑
|
||||
| aliphatic hydrocarbon bonds | an alkane
🗑
|
||||
| line angle formula | an abbreviated way to draw structure formulas in which each vertex and line terminus represents a carbon atom and each line represents a bond
🗑
|
||||
| consitutional isomers | compounds with the same molecular formula but a different connectivity of their atoms
🗑
|
||||
| alkyl groups | a group derived by removing a hydrogen from an alkane given the symbol R
🗑
|
||||
| R- | a symbol used to represent an alkyl group
🗑
|
||||
| cycloalkane | a saturated hydrocarbon that contains carbon atoms boned to form a ring
🗑
|
||||
| conformations | any 3-D arrangement of atoms in a molecule that results from rotation about a single bond
🗑
|
||||
| equatorial position | a position on a chair conformation of a cyclohexane ring that extends from the ring roughly perpendicular to an imaginary axis of the ring
🗑
|
||||
| axial position | a position on a chair confromation of a cyclohexane ring that extends from the ring prallel to the imaginary axis of the ring
🗑
|
||||
| cis-trans | isomers that have the same connectivity of their atoms but a different arrangement of their atoms in space due to the presence of either a ring or a C=C
🗑
|
||||
| sterocenter | tertahedral atoms most commonly carbon at which exchange of 2 groups produces a stereoisomer
🗑
|
||||
| configuration | refers to the arrangment o fatoms about a stereocenter that is the reative arrangment of parts of a molecule in space
🗑
|
||||
| stereoisomer | isomer that have the same connectivity of their atoms but different orientation of their atoms in space
🗑
|
||||
| alkene | an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains a C=C
🗑
|
||||
| alkyne | an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains a triple C C bond
🗑
|
||||
| Termal Cracking | a saturated hydrocarbon that is converted into an unsaturated hydrocarbon plus H2
🗑
|
||||
| cycloalkenes | number of carbon atoms of the ring = bond 1 and 2
🗑
|
||||
| Terpene | a compund whose carbon skeleton can be divided into two or more units identical to 5 carbon skeleton of isoprene
🗑
|
||||
| Essential oils | highly fragrant oils from plants (rose, fressia, etc)
🗑
|
||||
| regioselective reaction | a reaction in which one direction of bond formation or bond breaking occurs in preference to all other directions
🗑
|
||||
| markovinkov's rule | in the addition of HX or H2O to alkene Hydrogens add to the carbon of the C=C having a greater humber of Hydrogens
🗑
|
||||
| reaction mechanism | a step by step description of how a chemical reaction occurs
🗑
|
||||
| carbocation | a species containing carbon atoms with only 3 bonds to it and bearing a positive charge
🗑
|
||||
| hydration | addition of water
🗑
|
||||
| oxonium ion | an ion in which oxygen is bonded to 3 other atoms and bears a positive charge
🗑
|
||||
| catalytic reducation/ catalytic hydrogenation | the conversion of an alkane involves reducation by hydrogen in teh presence of a catalyst
🗑
|
||||
| polymer | many parts any long chain molecule synthesized by bonding together many single parts called monomers
🗑
|
||||
| monomer | single part, simplest nonredundant unit from which a polymer is synthesized
🗑
|
||||
| peroxide | any compund that contains an -O-O- bond as for example hydrogen peroxide H-O-O-H
🗑
|
||||
| aromatic compunds | benzene or one of its derivatives
🗑
|
||||
| arene | a compund contian one or more benzene rings
🗑
|
||||
| aryl group | a group derived from an arene by removal of an H and given the symbol Ar-
🗑
|
||||
| Ar- | The symbol fused for aryl group
🗑
|
||||
| Resonance hybid | a molecule best decribed as a composite of 2+ Lewis structures
🗑
|
||||
| contributing structure | each individual lewis structure
🗑
|
||||
| phenyl group | C6H15 aryl group derived by removing an Hydrogen atom from a benzene
🗑
|
||||
| Autoxidation | ocidation requiring oxygen and no other reactant
🗑
|
||||
| Active figure | autoxidation is a radical chain reaction vonverting hydrocarbons to a a hyroperoxide
🗑
|
||||
| Chain length | number of times the cycle of chain propagation steps repeats
🗑
|
||||
| Diol | a compound containing 2 -OH groups
🗑
|
||||
| Triol | a compound containing 3 -OH groups
🗑
|
||||
| Glycol | a compound with hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbons
🗑
|
||||
| hydrogen bonding | Dipole-Dipole bond, between electronegative atoms and a hydrogen bonded to another electronegative atom
🗑
|
||||
| dehydration | elimination of molecule of water from an alcohol, OH is removed from 1 C and H is removed from the adjacent C
🗑
|
||||
| ether | a compund containing an oxygen between 2 atoms
🗑
|
||||
| cyclic ether | an ether in which the ether oxygen is one of the atoms of the ring
🗑
|
||||
| thiol | an -SH (sulfhydroyl group) bonded to a tetrahedral carbon atom
🗑
|
||||
| mercaptan | a common name for any molecule containing an -SH group
🗑
|
||||
| electronegativity | electons pulling ability on a molecule
🗑
|
||||
| polarity | how equally bonding electons are shared between atoms, effects solubility, melting and boiling points
🗑
|
||||
| covalent bonding | sharing of pairs of electrons
🗑
|
||||
| ionic bonding | electrostative bond between 2 oppositely charged ions
🗑
|
||||
| sigma bonding | 2 atoms are held together by the forces operating between them and a pair of elections shared by them the electon pair occupies an orbital
🗑
|
||||
| pi bond | a conhesive interaction between to atoms and a pair of elections that occupy and an orbital located in 2 regions parallel
🗑
|
||||
| free radical | a compound containing an unpaired electron
🗑
|
||||
| Diradical | a compound that contains 2 unpaired electrons (oxygen)
🗑
|
||||
| Monoterpene | 2 Isoprenes
🗑
|
||||
| Sesquiterpenes | 3 Isoprenes
🗑
|
||||
| Diterpenes | 4 Isoprenes
🗑
|
||||
| Triterpenes | 6 Isoprenes
🗑
|
||||
| Tetraterpenes | 8 Isoprenes
🗑
|
||||
| Wohler | Made an organic out of 2 inorganics
🗑
|
||||
| Fredrick.Kekule | Redefined organics how we know know it and found the benzene ring
🗑
|
||||
| Markovinkov | rule of bonding H go towards more H's in reaction for stability
🗑
|
||||
| L. Pauling | motion within benzene rings
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
jamilah
Popular Chemistry sets