Chapter 3.3
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| What is the first step of photosynthesis? | the plant captures the sun's energy and stores it in the chloroplast.
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| What is the 2nd step of photsynthesis? | the plant uses energy to make its own food.
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| What is the green pigment in chloroplast? | chlorophyll
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| What is the function of the green pigment in chloroplast? | It absorbs light energy from the sun
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| What are stomata? | They are small openings on the underside of the leaf lets in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
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| What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? | 6 CO2 + 6 H2O------> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
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| What word does the arrow in the chemical equation for photosynthesis represent? | light energy
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| How do living things receive energy indirectly from sunlight? | the grass makes energy from sunlight the zebra eats the grass and obtains the grass' energy and then the lion eats the zebra and obtains the zebras's energy which it got from the grass
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| What 2 substances is sunlight converted into? | oxygen and glucose
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| Where does the plant capture the sunlight? | leaves
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| What is the chemical that captures the light energy? | chlorophyll
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| What structure does a plant use to absorb water from the soil? | roots
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| Through what structure does water travel to react the leaves? | the stem
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| Through what structure does carbon dioxide enter the plant? | the stomata
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| From where does the energy come to fuel the chemical reaction? | chloroplast
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| What are the products of the photosyntetic chemical reactions | glucose and oxygen
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| Through what structure does oxygen leave the plant? | stomata
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| For what is sugar used in the plant? | food
the plant breaks down molecules and takes the energy
converts the sugar into other compounds like cellulose
gives energy to humans who eat the plants
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| Photosynthesis | the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food
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| Autotrophe | an organism that makes it own food, example plant
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| Heterotrophe | an organism that CANNOT make its own food, example zebra
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| Pigments | colored chemical compounds that absorb light, example chlorophyll
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| Chlorophyll | the main photosynthetic pigment in chloroplast
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| Stomata | the small opening on the underside of a leaf that lets gases in and out.
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| Reactant | a complex series of chemical reactions
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| Product | the result of the reactant
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| what happens during respiration | cells break down simple food molecules such as sugar and release the energy they contain
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| In what form do cells store energy? | respiration
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| how do cells "withdraw" energy? | by breaking down carbohydrates in the process of respiration
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| make the sentence correct: Respiration that takes place inside of cells is the same as breathing air in and out of the lungs | respiration that takes place inside of cells is NOT the same as breathing air in and out of the lungs
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| which stage of respiration does this process happen in: takes place in the mitochondria |
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| which stage of respiration does this process happen in |
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| which stage of respiration does this process happen in |
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| which stage of respiration does this process happen in |
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| which stage of respiration does this process happen in |
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| which stage of respiration does this process happen in |
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| List three characteristics of plants. | Multicellular, autotrophic eukaryotes with cell walls
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| Describe three ways that plant cells differ from the cells of some other eukaryotes. | Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and larger vacuoles
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| How might a plant cell be affected if it lacked chloroplast? | It would not be able to produce food.
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| What are five adaptations that plants need to survive on land? | obtain water and other materials from their environment
retain moisture
support their bodies
transport materials throughout their bodies
reproduce
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| Why is a cuticle a useful adaptation in plants but not algae? | Because algae live in water, they have less problem with water loss
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| How do vascular plants differ from nonvascular plants? | Vascular plants have tissues for moving water and other materials throughout the entire plant; nonvascular plants do not.
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| Explain why vascular plants are better suited for life in dry areas. | Vascular plants can move water and food through the plant body quickly.
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| Would you expect a tall desert plant to be a vascular plant? EXPLAIN. | Yes, because of the scarcity of water in the desert, a tall plant must have vascular tissue to supply its cells with water. Nonvascular plants are low-growing with no roots for absorbing water.
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| What TWO characteristics do all seed plants share? | They have vascular tissue and they use pollen and seeds to reproduce
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| What characteristics enable a seed plant to live in a wide variety of environments? EXPLAIN! | They have structures to bring water and nutrients to all parts of the plant, and they do not need water for fertilization to occur.
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| Name the three main parts of a seed. | embryo, stored food (cotyledon), seed coat
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| List the steps in a sequence in which they must occur for a seed to grow into a new plant. | Dispersal, absorb water, germination, embryo begins to grow, plant leaves emerge.
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| If a cherry seed were to take root right below its parent tree, what THREE challenges might the cherry seedling face? | It would compete with the parent tree for light, water, and minerals.
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| What are the main functions of a plant’s roots, stems and leaves? | Roots – anchor plant, absorb water and nutrients from the soil, some store food
Stems – carry substances between roots and leaves, some store food
Leaves – capture sun’s energy and carry out photosynthesis
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| What type of tissue carries water from the roots to the rest of the plant? | Water moves from the roots to leaves through the xylem.
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| What type of tissue carries food away from the leaves? | Sugar moves from leaves to stems, roots and other parts through the phloem
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| How are the structures of a tree’s roots and leaves well-suited for their roles in supplying the tree with water and sugar? | Tree roots have root hairs that help absorb water from the soil.
Roots have xylem to carry water to leaves.
Sugar is made by the chloroplasts in the leaves moves to the phloem and then
travels to all parts of the plant.
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