Inside The Cell
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synthesizes lipids | Smooth ER
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produces secretory proteins | Rough ER
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modifies and sorts proteins | Golgi Apparatus
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Defines cell shape | cytoskeleton
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Digests proteins | Lysosome
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Generates ATP | Mitochondria
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assembles ribosomes | nucleus
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nucleoid, lysosome, mitochrondria, plasma membrane,nucleolus, flagella, ribosomes--> categorize into pro, euka, and both | pro- nucleoid
euka- mitochondria, lysosome, nucleolus
both- plasma membrane, flagella, ribosomes
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In eukaryotic flagella, the fibres that slide past one another due to the activity of dynein proteins are _______________. | microtubules
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Many cell organelles, most notably the nucleus, are anchored by __________ which are assembled from a diverse class of proteins. | Intermediate filaments
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Centrosomes are sites where proteins assembles dimers into ______________. | microtubules
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The extension of pseudopodia in amoeba is due to the regulated assembly and destruction of _____________. | microfilaments
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The only cytoskeletal fibres not associated with intercellular movement of the whole cell locomotion are the _________________. | Intermediate filaments
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During muscle contractions myosin motor proteins move across tracks of ___________________. | microfilaments
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-Roles of Endomembrane System- *Calcium ion storage *poison detoxification *cisternal maturation *lipid synthesis *protein synthesis *protein modification and sorting *macromolecule digestion *autophagy -->lysosome, smooth/rough ER, or golgi? | lysosome- macromolecule digestion,autophagy
smooth ER- lipid synthesis, Ca+ storage, poison detoxification
rough ER- protein synthesis
Golgi- protein modification and sorting, cisternal maturation
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proteins synthesized by free ribosomes? (cytosol) | DNA polymerase, ribosomal protein, actin
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proteins synthesized by bound ribosomes? (endomembrane system) | ER protein, lysosomal protein, insulin
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5 steps of the pathway of secretory proteins from synthesis to secretion in the endomembrane system? | endoplasmic reticulum, cis Golgi cisternae, medial Golgi cisternae, trans Golgi cisternae, plasma membrane
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Cells are exposed to a high concentration of a radioactively labeled amino acid for a short period to tag proteins that are being synthesized | the “pulse” phase
The higher the number, the greater the radioactivity-- most likely function of cells
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Any unincorporated radioactively labeled amino acids are washed away and large amounts of the same, but unlabeled, amino acid are added. | the “chase” phase
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exocyto, endocyto, BOTH *require cellular energy *-> surface area of p mem *move substance never physically cross p mem *<- surface area of p mem *form vesicle from inward fold of p mem *require fusion of vesicle with p mem *secrete huge moles out | exocyto* -> surface area of p mem, require fusion of vesicale with p mem, secrete huge moles out of cell
endocyto* <- surface of p mem, form vesicle from inward fold of p mem
both* require cellular energy, move substane never physcially cross p mem
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