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Genetics Vocab

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Term
Definition
Genotype   the DNA code carried by an individual  
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Phenotype   physical appearance of an individual  
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Allele   a variation of a gene  
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Dominant   the allele that will always be expressed  
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Recessive   the allele that will always be masked  
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Hybrid   an organism which is heterozygous for a given trait  
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Heterozygous   having both allele types  
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Homozygous   having 2 copies of one allele type  
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Monohybrid cross   a cross that focuses on a single trait  
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Dihybrid cross   a cross that focuses on two traits  
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Independent assortment   law stating alleles for one trait sort independent of another trait  
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Segregation   law stating an individual gets only one allele for each trait from each parent  
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Punnett Square   a table used to predict ratios of a trait based on the parent’s genotypes  
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Pgeneration   parental (purebreeding)  
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F1generation   first offspring of P cross  
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F2generation   offspring of F1 cross  
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Genetics   science of heredity  
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Purebred   homozygous for the trait  
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Codominance   both alleles are expressed when present; each allele is a capital letter  
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Incomplete Dominance   the heterozygous is midway between the two homozygous phenotypes  
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