Chap 15
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| -a relative constancy in the internal environment of the body that is naturally maintained by adaptive responses that promote healthy survival | show 🗑
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| show | heartbeat, blood pressure, body temperature, respiratory rate, and electrolyte balance
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| -primary mechanisms that adapt to responses inside or outside the body to maintain homeostasis | show 🗑
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| What are the vital signs? | show 🗑
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| show | they often reveal the first clue of adverse reactions associated with treatments and diagnostic procedures
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| -reflects the degree of heat of the deep tissues of the human body | show 🗑
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| show | thermoregulation
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| show | hypothalamus
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| show | hypothalamus
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| show | sweating
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| What does shivering do? | show 🗑
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| What does vasoconstriction do? | show 🗑
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| The _______ thermometer has a rounded bulb whereas the _______ type has a slender, more pointed tip. | show 🗑
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| 5 routes commonly used to measure body temp: | show 🗑
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| - temp obtained by placing the thermometer high between the upper arm and the torso | show 🗑
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| How long must the thermometer stay in place for an accurate axillary reading? | show 🗑
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| show | 2.5 - 5 mins
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| show | tympanic
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| What is believed to be the most accurate way to obtain body temp? | show 🗑
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| show | temporal artery
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| -when the oral temp is higher than 99.5 a fever exists | show 🗑
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| show | febrile
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| show | hypothermia
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| What is the normal range for body temp? | show 🗑
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| -the depth of breath | show 🗑
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| At rest, what is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? | show 🗑
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| What is the normal respiratory rate for a child? infant? | show 🗑
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| show | downard, pushing abdominal cavity outward
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| Downward movment of the diaphragm causes an expansion in the chest cavity and what happens to the pressure? | show 🗑
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| How is respiratory rate obtained? | show 🗑
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| What is the best way to obtain the patient's respiratory rate? | show 🗑
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| show | tachypnea
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| term used to describe a decrease in respiratory rate | show 🗑
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| show | bradypnea
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| -difficulty breathing while lying down | show 🗑
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| show | 110-170 / min
60-100 beats /min
70-120 beats/min
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| What is considered a normal blood pressure? | show 🗑
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| show | radial artery in the wrist, brachial artery, carotid artery in neck
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| show | listening to the chest with a stethoscope placed over the heart
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| show | listening to the heart with a stethoscope placed over the chest and counting each heartbeat
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| -reflect the rapidity of each heart contraction and are recorded as the number of beats/min | show 🗑
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| How are arterial oxygen saturation levels measured> | show 🗑
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| -catheter that is inserted into an artery | show 🗑
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| -nonivasive device used to provide ongoing assessment of the hemoglobin oxygen saturation of arterial blood as well as the patient's pulse rate | show 🗑
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| How are hemoglobin oxygen saturation and pulse rate determined? | show 🗑
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| show | 95%-100%
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| -when heart contractions & pulse rates increase by more than 20 BPM in the resting adult or reach a rate greater than 100 BPM | show 🗑
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| show | bradycardia
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| -measure of the force exerted by blood on the arterial walls during contraction and relaxation of the heart | show 🗑
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| show | diastolic
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| peak pressure present during contraction of the heart is... | show 🗑
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| -the persistent elevation of blood pressure above 140/90 | show 🗑
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| -low blood pressure, less than 95/60 | show 🗑
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| How long does it take for the brain to suffer irreversible damage without oxygen? | show 🗑
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| - colorless, tasteless, odorless gas that plays a critical role in efficent cellular metabolism | show 🗑
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| show | hypoxia
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| show | brain, heart, lungs, liver
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| show | Liters per min / LPM
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| - a reducing valve that permits the flows safe for patient use and serves as the connection btwn the oxygen-delivery device and the gas source | show 🗑
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| show | pressure manometer
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| What two categories of oxygen conservin devices deliver a specifically measured dose to the patient? | show 🗑
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| show | pulsed dose
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| ______ regulators provide a continuous flow of oxygen regardless of the patients phase of breathing | show 🗑
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| - device does not meet the entire inspiratory needs of the patient | show 🗑
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| -device does meet or exceed the inspiratory needs of the patient when the device is functioning properly | show 🗑
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| show | nasal cannula
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| show | 6 LPM / 1-4 LPM
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| ______ is added to the nasal cannula delivery system when flows are greater than 4 LPM are used. | show 🗑
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| Simple oxygen masks are considered to be what type of device? | show 🗑
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| What oxygen rates do the simple mask require? | show 🗑
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| A ______ mask can deliver a higher percentage of oxygen than the nasal cannula or simple mask. | show 🗑
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| show | oxyhoods
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| show | flexing or bending the neck
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| What are the 4 uses/needs for endotracheal tubes? | show 🗑
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| - is accomplished most often using a translaryngeal approach via the mouth or nose | show 🗑
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| show | chest radiograph, showing the distal tip 1-2 in superior to the tracheal bifurcation
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| show | overventilation of the right lung and potential airway obstruction of the left
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| Another word for thoracostomy tubes | show 🗑
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| What are thoracostomy tubes used for? | show 🗑
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| ______ are inserted through the chest wall to reestablish negative intrapleural pressure in cases of pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion and empyema. | show 🗑
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| -fluid in the pleural cavity | show 🗑
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| -blood in the pleural cavity | show 🗑
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| excess fluid in the pleural cavity | show 🗑
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| -pus in the plerual cavity | show 🗑
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| ____ are catheters that are inserted into a large vein | show 🗑
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| What were CV lines developed for? | show 🗑
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| What are these examples of? Broviac, Hickman, Leonard & Groshong | show 🗑
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| show | to position the catheter tip in a central vein
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| show | The superior vena cava approx 2-3 in above the right atrial junction
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| What is the superior vena cava the preferred location for CV? | show 🗑
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| What is the most common insertion site for CV catheters? | show 🗑
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| Another name for Pulmonary arterial (PA) lines? | show 🗑
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| show | To estimate left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
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| show | catheter dislodgment and occlusions resulting from the accumulation of blood clots or drug precipitates
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| -the product of heart rate and stroke volume and is the vital event necessary to maintain blood flow throughout the cardiovascular system. | show 🗑
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| show | adequate blood volume and a regular cycle of muscular relaxation and contraction
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| show | cardiac cycle
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| -abnormalities within the neural conduction system which will adversely affect cardiac output | show 🗑
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