Chapters 12 & 13 & 14
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| The cloud form that is best described as sheets or layers that cover much or all of the sky is termed | stratus
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| The cloud form that consists of globular cloud masses that take on a billowy or cauliflower-like structure is called | cumulus
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| This term is used to describe clouds found in the middle height range. | alto
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| High clouds that form delicate veil-like patches or extended wispy fibers are termed | cirrus
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| This term is used to describe clouds that produce precipitation | nimbo
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| These clouds are often called "fair weather" clouds. | cumulus
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| This cloud sometimes produces "mare's tails" | cirrus
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| Thunder and lightening are associated with these clouds. | cumulonimbus
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| This cloud type is confined to the middle height range. | Altostratus
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| A halo around the Sun or Moon indicates that this cloud type is present. | cirrostratus
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| A dark gray cloud that blankets the sky and often generates precipitation is called | nimbostratus
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| This cloud may develop and "anvil head." | cumulonimbus
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| Tornadoes can be associated with this cloud type. | cumulonimbus
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| A wintertime form of precipitation that consists of small ice particles is called | sleet
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| This fog forms in valleys at night | radiation fog
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| When warm moist air moves over a cold surface,____ fog may result. | advection
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| This fog results from adiabatic cooling. | upslope
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| Which one of the fogs listed below may be categorized as an evaporation fog? | steam
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| When supercooled raindrops freeze on contact with solid objects,______forms. | glaze
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| The amount of water vapor in the air (by volume) usually does not exceed_____. | 4%
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| We are likely to have our highest relative humidity______. | about sunrise
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| When using a psychrometer and two temperatures read nearly the same, you can conclude that ______. | the air has a high relative humidity
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| Under what circumstances could the relative humidity exceed 100% without producing condensation in the air? | there is no condensation nuclei
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| The dew point is the temperature at which_____. | water vapor condenses to a liquid
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| The most important process of cloud formation in the atmosphere is_____. | cooling by expansion of air
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| If air at sea level with a temperature of 27˚C is forced up a mountain slope and the air's dew point at the condensation level is 14˚C, at what elevation will condensation begin? | 1300 meters
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| Stability prevails when the environmental lapse rate is __________. | less than the wet adiabatic rate
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| When air is unstable, the environmental lapse rate is __________. | greater than the dry adiabatic rate
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| Which of the following will NOT cause air to become more unstable? | subsidence of an air column
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| Which of the following would NOT be associated with stable atmospheric conditions? | afternoon thunder showers
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| A parcel of air has a temperature of 0˚C as it crosses a mountain range at 3000 meters. If it descends, what will its temperature be when it reaches sea level? | 30˚C
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| Deserts such as the Great Basin, Gobi, and Takla Makan are examples of __________. | rainshadow deserts
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| The change of state from a gas to a liquid is called __________. | Condensation
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| The term __________ is used to describe the conversion of a solid directly to a gas, without passing through the liquid state. | sublimation
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| This process by which water vapor changes directly to a solid is called | deposition
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| This process results in the release of about 600 calories of latent heat per gram of water. | condensation
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| What is the dew point for 14 grams vapor content and 20 gram at 25 degrees Celcius, 14 rams at 20 degrees Celcius, and 10 grams at 15 degrees Celcius | 20 degree Celsius
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| the process of converting a liquid to vapor is termed | evaporation
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| Hail is most commonly associated with | cumulonimbus
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| What is the relative humidity for vapor content 14 grams, vapor capacity 20 grams at 25 degrees Celsius? | 70%
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| What would happen if the temperature were cooled 15 degrees Celsius? | Increase in relative humidity and condensation of 4 grams of water
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| A sea breeze usually originates during the ____. | day and flows toward the land
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| Fast moving currents of air found near the top of the troposphere are called | jet streams
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| What is the technical name for a high pressure center? | anticyclone
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| Standard sea level pressure in millibars is | 1013 mb
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| Standard sea level pressure in inches of mercury is | 29.92 inches
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| Which of thes instruments is NOT used to measure air pressure? | anemometer
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| An altimeter is an adaptation of the | aneroid barometer
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| Which of these factors influence the magnitude of the Coriolis force? | both wind speed and latitude
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| Lines on a weather map connecting places of equal air pressure are called_____. | Isobars
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| Closely spaced isobars often indicate | high winds
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| A steep pressure gradient | produces strong winds
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| Widely spaced isobars often indicate | light winds
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| The Coriolis effect influences | only wind direction
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| In the Northern Hemisphere, the winds associated with a low pressure system (cyclone) blow | counterclockwise and toward the center
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| In the Northern Hemisphere, winds associated with a high pressure system blow | clockwise and outward from the center
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| If Earth were not rotating | air would move directly from high to low pressure
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| Upper air winds______. | are generally faster than surface winds
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| High air pressure systems are usually associated with | all of these
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| In the Southern Hemisphere, the winds associated with a low pressure system blow | clockwise and toward the center
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| Low air pressure systems are usually associated with | Precipitation
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| If fair weather is approaching, the pressure tendency would probably be | rising
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| If stormy weather is approaching, the pressure tendency would probably be_____. | falling
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| Most of the US is situated in which zone of prevailing winds? | Westerlies
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| Another name for the area of subtropical highs is | horse latitudes
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| The Sahara and Australian deserts (among others) are associated with the | subtropical high
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| This pressure zone is associated with abundant precipitation and warm temperatures. | equatorial low
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| When are upper air winds fastest? | In winter
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| The subpolar low(polar front) is | a zone where the polar easterlies and the westerlies converge
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| A Santa Ana (or Chinnok or Foehn) wind is a | very dry, warm wind flowing down a mountain slope
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| The precipitation associated with a warm front typically arrives _______the actual front | considerably ahead of
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| This air mass may produce an occasional northeaster in the winter. | mP
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| When an area is experience several consecutive days of rather constant weather, it is probably _____. | air-mass weather
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| An air mass from the Gulf of Mexico is labeled | mT
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| On a weather map, ____fronts are shown by a line with triangular points on one side. | cold
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| On a weather map, _____fronts are shown by a line with semicircles extending from one side. | warm
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| When a hurricane moves onto land, it rapidly loses its punch; that is, the storm declines in intensity. which of the factors listed below contribute to this loss of punch? | both friction and lack of warm, moist air
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| Which of the following is considered to be a boundary between two different air masses? | both warm front and cold front
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| Tornadoes most often move TOWARDS what direction? | northeast
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| When an active cold front overtakes a warm front ____. | an occluded front forms
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| The eye of a hurricane is ____. | warmer than the rest of the storm
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| The air mass often originates as a different air mass in Siberia and is subsequently altered. | cP
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| Which of the following should have the steepest pressure gradient? | tornado
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| This air mass is the source of much of the moisture for precipitation in the central and eastern US. | mT
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| In the Northern Hemisphere, tornadoes are most frequent during the ____. | April-June period
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| After the center of a mature wave cyclone passes, you should expect | barometric pressure to rise
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| An mP air mass is | cold and humid
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| The air masses that have the greatest influence on weather conditions in the central US are_____. | cP and mT
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| Hurricanes generally are | all of these
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| Typhoon is another name for a | hurricane
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| A wind shift from south or southwest to northwest is commonly associated with the passage of a _________ front. | cold
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| Usually _____fronts produce several hours of moderate-to-gentle precipitation over a large region. | warm
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| Cold fronts and warm fronts in the middle latitudes are often associated with a _____. | both middle-latitude cyclone and low pressure
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| Which one of the following statements is NOT true of tornadoes? | usually occur along the warm front of a mid-latitude cyclone
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| If an observer sees cirrus clouds, followed later by cirrostratus, and then altostratus, he or she is witnessing the approach of a ______ front. | warm
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| Rain long foretold, long last; short notice, soon past. The first five words of this weather proberb_____. | refer to a warm front
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| If you were 200 kilometers ahead of the surface position of a warm front, you would find that the frontal surface at a height of about_____km overhead. | 1.0
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