respiratory system
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| The exchange of air between the atmosphere and the air sac of the lungs which is accomplished by breathing is known as | pulmonary ventilation
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| When oxygen enters the blood through the air sacs and carbon dioxide leaves the blood to be exhaled this process is called | external exchange of gases
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| When oxygen leaves the blood and goes into the cells, and carbon dioxide leaves the cell and goes into the blood the process is called | internal exchange of gases
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| What is the name of the structure that separates the right and left nostrils | nasal septum
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| What are the small cavities lines with mucous membrane in the skull bones called | sinuses
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| The superior portion of the pharynx that is located immediately behind the nasal cavity is called the | nasopharynx
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| The middle section of the pharynx located posterior to the mouth is called the | oropharynx
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| The inferior portion of the pharyx that opens into the larynx toward the anterior and into the esophagus toward the posterior is called the | laryngeal pharynx
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| The folds of mucous membrane used in producing speech are located on both sides at the superior portion of the larynx are called | vocal cords
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| The space between the vocal cords is called | glottis
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| The leaf-shaped cartilage that covers the larynx during swallowing is called the | epiglottis
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| Name the tiny air sacs in which most gas exchange takes place in the bronchioles | alveoli
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| A substance that reduces the surface tension of the fluid that lines the alveoli that prevents collapse of the alveoli and eases lung expansion is called | surfactant
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| What muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity | diaphragm
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| A continuous doubled sac that covers each lung is known as | pleura
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| The portion of the pleura that is attached to the surface of the lungs is the | visceral pleura
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| The portion of the pleura that is attached to the chest wall is the | parietal pleura
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| The space between the two layers of pleura that continues a thin film of fluid that lubricates the membranes is the | pleural space
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| What is another name for inhalation | inspiration
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| What is another name for exhalation | expiration
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| What is kept open by a framework of C-shaped cartilages | trachea
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| What is the space between the lungs called | mediastinum
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| What is the purpose of the indention on the medial side of the left lung | to accommodate or make room for the heart
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| In pulmonary ventilation when a vacuum is created sucking air in through the nose, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, lowers intrathoracic pressure and the intercostal muscles contract and move ribs up and out this is known as | inhalation
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| In pulmonnary ventilation when there is a decrease in the size of the chest cavity forcing air out through the nose, the intercostal muscles relax causing ribs to move in and down, and the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward it is known as | exhalation
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| An increased amount of air entering the alveoli that commonly occurs during anxiety attacks, or when a person is experiencing pain or other forms of stress is known as | hyperventilation
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| An isufficient amount of air entering the alveoli caused by respiratory obstruction, lung disease, injury to the respiratory center, depression of the respiratory center, by drugs, and chest deformity is known as | hypoventilation
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| Hyperventilation causes an increase in the oxygen level and a decrease in carbon dioxide level of the blood is a condition called | hypocapnia
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| Diffeculty breathing relieved by sitting upright is known as | orthopnea
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| Alteration deep respirations with periods of apnea is known as | cheyne-strokes respiration
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| excessive rate of breathing such as during exercise is known as | tachypnea
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| Temporary cessation of breathing is known as | apnea
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| Deep, rapid respirations due to acidosis is known as | kussmaul respiration
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| Difficult or labored breathing is known as | dyspnea
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| A bluish color of the skin and mucous membrane due to a lack of oxygen in the blood is called | cyanosis
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| Lower than normal oxygen levels in the tissue is known as | hypoxia
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| Lower than normal oxygen levels ing the blood is known as | hypoxemia
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| Cessation of respiration due to machanical blockage of the reapiratory passages is called | suffocation
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| The scientific name for the common cold is | acute coryza
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| The medical term for a nosebleed is | epistaxis
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| When one nasal space is considerably smaller than the other it is a condition called | deviated septum
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| The most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in an infant and young children is | respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
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| An acute contagious disease characterized by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract and accompanied by generalized aches and pains is called | influenza
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| Constriction of airways producing a loud, barking cough, hoarseness, and dyspnea that is usually seen in children under 3 is a disease called | croup
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| Watery discharge from the eyes and nose that may be seasonal and is also called allergic rhinitis is a disease called | hay fever
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| Blood in the pleural space caused by penetraring chest wound is a disease called | hemothorax
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| Unexplained death of a seemingly healthy infant under 1 year old and occurs during sleep with no apperent cause is a disorder called | sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
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| Inflammation of the pleura that is usually accompanying a lung infection is a disease called | pleurisy
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| The most common caues of cancer deaths in men and women is | lung cancer
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| Inflammation of the airways with spasms of the muscles in the bronchial tubes causing decreasing air flow, characterized by wheezing is a disease called | asthma
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| Inflammation of the lung in which air spaces fill with fluid is a disease called | pneumonia
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| Accumulation of air in the pleural space caused by a wound to the chest wall or rupture of the alveoli is a disease called | pneumothorax
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| Collapse of lung due to blockage, sepsis, aspiration, allergy or lung trauma is a disease called | respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
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| Lung damage due to chronic conditions such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis that is often a result of smoking is a disease called | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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| Infectious disease caused by a bacillus that can cause cavities within the lungs and can remain dormant fo long periods of time and flare up later is called | tuberculosis
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| The disease caused by smoking and alcohol consumption which symptoms include sore throat, hoarseness, and ear pain is called | cancer of the larynx
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| The instrument used to inspect the bronchi and larger bronchioles is a | bronchoscope
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| If the pharynx or larynx is obstructed, the airways can be maintained by cutting into the trachea and inserting a | tracheostomy tube
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| When a large-bore needle is inserted between the ribs into the pleural space to remove fluid, the procedure is called a | thoracentesis
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| This is used when removing mucus or other substances from the respiratory tract by means of negative pressure | suction apparatus
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| This is used to sustain life when a condition interferes with adequate oxygen supply to the tissue | oxygen therapy
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| This is used when a patient has temporarily lost the capacity to perform normal ventilation | artificial respiration
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