Life Science BJU - Chapter 21 vocab.
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| The study of an organism in their habitat. | Ecology
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| Is a limited area in which living and nonliving things interact. | Ecosystem
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| physical environment, is all the nonliving factors in an ecosystem. | Abiotic environment
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| all the living organisms in an ecosystem. | Biotic environment
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| the area where an organism lives, is often only a part of an ecosystem. | Habitat
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| a role or job that every living thing has to do in an ecosystem. | Niche
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| the continuous movement of water from the atmosphere back to the earth and back to the atmosphere. Evaporation and Precipitation are the main stages. | Water cycle
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| the movement of water from the earth to the atmosphere | evaporation
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| is a series of changes that occur in biotic communities as they progress toward a climax community | succession
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| the atmospheric water that falls back to earth. (ex. rain, sleet, snow, & hail) | Precipitation
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| as the ground water collects in the earth it forms a reservoir which is this | water table
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| is made up by all the individuals from the same species in an ecosystem | Population
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| manufacture their own food | producer organism
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| organism that uses food manufactured by other organisms | consumer organism
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| the exchange of carbon between organisms carrying on photosynthesis and those carrying on cellular respiration; functions in relationship w/ the oxygen cycle | carbon cycle
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| the exchange of oxygen between organisms carrying on photosynthesis and those carrying on cellular respiration; functions in relationship with the carbon cycle | oxygen cycle
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| the process by which nitrogen moves, in various compounds, thru biotic and abiotic communities as it is used and reused | nitrogen cycle
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| is a change that takes place during one 24 hour period | rhythm
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| daily rhythm, a change that takes place in a 24 hour period | circadian rhythm
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| active at night and rests during the day | nocturnal
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| opposite of nocturnal, active during day and rests at night | diurnal
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| a change in the ecosystem that occurs with the change of season (usually once per year) | seasonal rhythm
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| the tissues of a new stem and leaves or flower that are covered by scales during a period when there is no growth | dormant bud
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| a dormant state involving a slowing of life processes; permits certain animals to survive winter conditions | hibernation
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| What 3 relationships do ecologists? | 1. How organisms affect each other
2. How the nonliving factors of an environment (such as light, temperature, water, soil, and wind) affect an organism
3. How organisms affect the nonliving factors of a habitat
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| List 5 physical (abiotic) factors that are usually important in an ecosystem. | 1. Temperature 2. Water 3. Sunlight 4. Wind 5. Rocks and soil 6. Periodic Disturbances
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| What are the two main stages in the water cycle? | evaporation and precipitation
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| What is a climax community? | when the stable population of plants and animals found in an area is left undisturbed for a ling time
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| What name is given for the species in the early part of succession? | pioneer species
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| What things compose the biotic community in an ecosystem? | the biotic community or living organisms interact in the habitat with nonliving factors
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| Which category of organisms in a biotic community carries on photosynthesis? | producer organisms such as green plants and algae
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| What is a limiting factor? Give an example. | A factor in a habitat that limits the growth or existence of a species. Ex. the high winds that sweep down some mountain sides are a limiting factor to tree growth
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| Do aquatic ecosystems have carbon and oxygen cycles? Describe the relationship between these two cycles. | Yes. These cycles use photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The two gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide pass back and forth between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
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| What type of rhythm do nocturnal and diurnal organisms exhibit? | circadian rhythm
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| Give an example of an organism exhibiting a seasonal rhythm. | some ecosystems may have a diff of over 60 degrees C betw a year's high & low temps - an organism that lives the entire year must be able to cope w/ the temp diff OR If they have a rainy season that lasts f/sev months after a dry season that has no rain
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| How do summer resident birds & permanent resident birds differ? | Summer resident birds live ina certain place for just the summer but permanent birds live there year round
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| True or False. Ecology is the study of only the living things in an environment. | False
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| A description of what an organism does or how it relates to the rest of its environment is called its ____________. | niche
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| Rain, snow, sleet, and hail are all forms of _______________. | precipitation
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| Populations in the same area combine to form a(n) _________________. | community
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| Organisms such as green plants and algae can make their own food. We can, therefore, call them _____________. | producers
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| Which natural process is carbon dioxide converted to sugar and oxygen? | photosynthesis
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| In which book of the Bible are natural rhythms first mentioned. | Genesis
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| Because irises die back to the ground in the winter and sprout again every spring, we call them ________________. | perennials
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