acute cornary syndromes-MI, Angina
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| acute cornary syndrome non modifiable risk factors | age >65, male gender, increase in african americans
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| acute coronary syndrome modifiable risk factors | smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, inactivity, obesity, diabetes
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| MI can be seen on the EKG with a | ST segment elevation (STEMI)
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| chest pain assessment involves | NOPQRST normal, onset, precipitating and palliative factors, quality, region, severity, time
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| riping pain between the shoulder blades and be referenced to | aortic discetion
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| predictable, occurs with physical exertion or stress, result of fixed lesions, pain relieved with rest or nitro | stable angina
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| change from previous pattern, occurs at rest, more intense, not relieved with nmormal measures, requires immediate treatment, pre-infarction angina | unstable angina
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| form of unstable angina, usual occurs at rest, spasms of cornoary artery, occurs with or withour atherosclerotic lesions, smoking alcohol and recreational drugs, treatment is the use of calcium channel blockers | prinzmental angina
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| plaque rupture, inflamation in the heart, thrombus formation, irreversible damage starts in twenty to forty min. This process will continue for several hours | MI: Myocardial Infarction
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| most specific cardiac marker | Troponin I
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| cardiac markers that show MI | CK-MB, CK, and Troponin I
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| Shown by a T-wave inversion on the EKG | ischemia
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| shown by an ST elevation on the EKG | injury
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| shown by a Q wave compared to the previous one on the EKG | infarction
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| dilates veins and can cause headaches | nitro
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| location: heart Effects of Stimulation: positive inotropic and chronotropic actions | Beta 1
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| location: Bronchial smooth muscle, vacular smooth muscle and AV node Effects of Stimulation: Bronchodilation, Vasodilation, positive dromotropic action | Beta 2
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| location: Vascular smooth muscle and heart Effects of Stimulation: vasoconstriction and weak positive inotropic and chronotropic actions | Alpha 1
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| location: presynaptic sympatietic nerve endings Effects of Stimulation: inhibition of norepinephrine release | Alpha 2
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| location: kidney and splanchnic vessel Effects of Stimulation: renal and splanchmic vessel vasodilation | dopaminergic
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| Why do we use dopaminergic receptor stimulation | to increase renal perfusion
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| what do we use alpha and beta receptor stimulation | increases myocardial contractility and improve CO
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| resent stroke, trauma and surgery patients cannot have what type of medication due to the risk of bleeding | Thromobolytics (TNKase, TPA)
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| Thormbolytics are also known as | "clot busters"
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| What must you check before sending a patient to the cath lab | renal function because the contrast die can further harm the kidneys also check for dye allergies
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| IABP: intra aortic Balloon Pump is used to | decrease the workload of the left ventricle by decreasing afterload, increases perfusion of the cornary arteries decreases O2 consumption, and increases cardiac output
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| after a IABP is put in what needs to be assessed | pulses, urinary output, position, platelet count, and head of bed elevated no greater than 30 degrees
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| Antihyperlipidemics | drugs used to decrease lipid levels
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