Ch. 6 Photosynthesis
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| ATP | Stores energy Releases energy when phosphate group is removed
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| Light dependent reactions prodcuts | ATP, NADPH, O2
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| Light independent reaction products | Organic matter (carbohydrates, lipid proteins, ADP, NADP+) mainly glucose ADP, NADP+
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| Photosynthesis | Uses sunlight to convert water & carbon dioxide into oxygen & high energy sugars 6CO2 + 12H2O----light energy----C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
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| Pigments | Molecules that absorb solar energy necessary for photosynthesis chlorophyll “a” gets the reaction started. ex. chlorophyll
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| Stroma | Space that surrounds the thylakoids Also surrounds grana
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| Beginning step of photosynthesis | Pigments in Photosystem II absorb light
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| Calvin Cycle and dark reactions | another name fro light independent reaction
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| Chlorophyll a reaction to light being absorbed | Electrons become excited
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| Autotroph | Makes own food/energy
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| Heterotroph | Eat other things for food/energy
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| Granum (grana) | Stacks of thylakoids Contains chlorophyll
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| Photosystem I | Unit where solar energy is absorbed and higher energy electrons are formed. I Generates ATP II Generates NADPH
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| NADP+ | NADP+ molecules accepts electrons and H+ during photosystem to form NADPH
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| NADPH | Carries hydrogen to Calvin Cycle and turns into NADP+
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| Chloroplasts | Where photosynthesis happens
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| Thylakoids | Membranes in chloroplast Photosynthetic membrane
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| chemiosmosis | Process that relies on concentration gradient of protons Whole process of ATP synthase
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| ATP synthase | Allows H+ ions to pass through the thylakoid membrane out of the thylakoids. Protein carrier that harnesses energy from concentration gradient of H+ to make ATP by adding a phosphate to ADP
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| Carbon fixation | Incorporation of carbon dioxide into organic compounds Carbon dioxide comes from atoms. in as gas thru calvin cycle it joins w/ RUBP to make PGAL
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| ROY G BIV | Colors of rainbow Red longest wave Violet shortest wave
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| Ribose | 5-carbon sugar
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| Light independent reactions (what happens) | CO2 enters 4rm atmosphere&combines w/carbon there already ATP&NADPH give new carbon molecules energy(ATP becomes ADP NADPH becomes NADP+ both go back to light reaction cycle repeats)Produce sugars,lipids,amino acids. Left over carbon goes thru cycle again
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| Light dependent reactions (what happens) | Sunlight hits chlorop energy knocks electrons 4rm chlorop get passed2ETC. H2O molecules split2replace electrons lost 4rm chloro. (in form of Hydr) Oxy 4rm H2O is released. Hydr atoms 4rm H2O r picked up by NADP+ becomes NADPH carries hydrogen to Calvin C
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| Why are Chloroplasts green? | Chlorophyll absorbs other wavelengths like red and blue, but reflects green wavelenghts of light.
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| Chemical equation for photosynthesis | 6CO2 + 12H2O → 6O2 + C6H2O6 + 6H2O
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| Light independent reaction reactants | CO2, ATP, NADPH, RuBP
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| Light independent reaction location | stroma
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| Light dependent reaction reactants | Sunlight, H2O, ADP, NADP+
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| Light dependent reaction location | Thylakoid Membrane
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| photons | Packet of solar energy
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| electrons/ electron transport chain | 2 electrons are excited in chlrophyll “a” the passage of electrons along series of carrier proteins from higher to lower energy.
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