Pharm cholinergic-blocking agents ch. 20
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cholinergic blocking agents | drugs that block or inhibit the actions of ACh in the parasympathetic nervous system
🗑
|
||||
| mechanism of action | -competitive antagonists
-compete with ACh
-block ACh at the muscarininc receptors in the PSNS, as a result ACh is unable to bind to the receptor site & cause a cholinergic effect
🗑
|
||||
| Chemical Class | -atropine
-belladonna
-hyoscyamine
-scopolamine
🗑
|
||||
| atropine | used to dry up before surgery (dry secretions); also used to make the heart speed up
🗑
|
||||
| belladonna | usually used for motion sickness
🗑
|
||||
| hyoscyamine and scopolamine | used for GI
🗑
|
||||
| DRUG EFFECTS | CV: small doses--decrease HR; large doses-- increase HR
CNS: small doses-- decrease muscle rigidity & tremors; large doses-- drowsiness, disorientation, hallucinations
🗑
|
||||
| DRUG EFFECTS | EYE: dilated pupils (mydriasis); decreased accomodation d/t paralysis of ciliary muscles (cycloplegia)
GI: relax smooth muscle tone, decrease intestinal & gastric secretions, decrease motility & peristalsis
🗑
|
||||
| DRUG EFFECTS | GENITOURINARY: relaxed detrusor muscle, increased constriction of internal sphincter--urinary retention as a result
GLANDULAR: decreased bronchial secretions, salivation, & sweating
RESP: decreased bronchial secretions, dilated bronchial airways
🗑
|
||||
| side effects | -blind as a bat
-red as a beet
-bloated as a toad
-mad as a hatter
-hot al hell
🗑
|
||||
| INDICATIONS: CNS | -decreased muscle rigidity & muscle tremors
-Parkinson's disease
-drug induced extrapyramidal reactions
🗑
|
||||
| INDICATIONS: CV | they affect the heart's conduction system
-at low doses: slows the HR
-high doses: increase HR
🗑
|
||||
| INDICATIONS: atropine | used primarily for CV disorders
-sinus node dysfuntion
-sinus bradycardia w/ hemodynamic compromise
-sympathetic 2nd degree heart block
🗑
|
||||
| INDICATIONS: RESPIRATORY | blocking cholinergic stimulation of the PSNS allows unopposed action of the SNS, results:
-decreased secretions from nose, mouth, pharynx, & bronchi
-relaxed smooth muscle in bronchi & bronchioles
-decreased airway resistance
-bronchodilation
🗑
|
||||
| INDICATIONS: RESPIRATORY | respiratory agents are used to treat:
-exercise induced bronchospasms
-chronic bronchitis
-asthma
-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
🗑
|
||||
| INDICATIONS: GI | PSNS controls gastric secretions & smooth muscles that produce gastric motility; blockade of PSNS results in:
-decreased secretions
-relaxation of smooth muscle
-decreased GI motility & peristalsis
🗑
|
||||
| INDICATIONS: GI | GI agents are used to treat:
-peptic ulcer disease
-irritable bowel syndrome
-GI hypersecretory states
🗑
|
||||
| INDICATIONS: GENITOURINARY | -relaxed detrusor muscles of the bladder
-increased constriction of the internal sphincter
-reflex neurogenic bladder
-incontinence
🗑
|
||||
| other anticholinergics | glycopyrrolate (robinul): control secretions, especiall pre-op; just liek atropine in that it dries up secretions pre-op
🗑
|
||||
| Interactions | -antihistamines, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, MAOIs
-when given with cholinergic blocking agents, cause additive cholinergic effects, resulting in increased effects
🗑
|
||||
| Nursing Implications | if pt. has GI or GU obstruction you do not want to use anticholinergics
🗑
|
||||
| If you have glaucoma should you take anticholinergics? | NO; DO NOT TAKE IF YOU HAVE GLAUCOMA
🗑
|
||||
| nursing implication | dry mouth may occur; can be handled by chewing gum, frequent mouth care, and hard candy
🗑
|
||||
| what is the antidote for atropine overdose? | physostigmine
🗑
|
||||
| monitor for side effects | -constipation
-tremors
-hallucinations
-urinary retention
-fever
-tachycardia
-confusion
-sedation
-hot, dry skin
-CNS depression: occurs with large doses of atropine
🗑
|
||||
| the nurse is providing education about anticholinergic drug therapy to an elderly pt. an important point to emphasize would be to | avoid exposure to high temperatures
🗑
|
||||
| when giving anticholinergic drugs, the nurse keeps in mind that contraindications include | benign prostatic hyperplasia
🗑
|
||||
| when assessing for adverse effects of anticholinergic drug therapy, the nurse would expect to find that the patient complains of which effect? | dry mouth
🗑
|
||||
| the nurse administering a cholinergic-blocking drug to a patient who is experiencing drug-induced extrapyramidal effects would assess for which therapeutic effect? | decreased muscle rigidity
🗑
|
||||
| during assessment of pt. about to receive a cholinergic blocking drug, the nurse should determine whether the pt. is taking any drugs that may potentially interact with the anticholinergic | tricyclic antidepressants
🗑
|
||||
| a pt. has been given a perscription for transdermal scopolamine patches for motion sickness for use during a vacation cruise. the nurse will include which instructions? | -apply patch 3-4 hrs. before boarding the ship
-patch should be placed on a nonhairy area just behind your ear
-change patch every 3 days
-rotate the application sites
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
lissy11
Popular Nursing sets