Terms in ecology that you should already know
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| abiotic | the non-living component of an ecosystem
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| adaptation | The adjustment or changes in behavior, physiology, and structure of an organism to become more suited to an environment.
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| alleles | One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
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| biodiversity | The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
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| biotic | the living component of an ecosystem.
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| carrying capacity | The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources, symbolized as K.
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| commensalism | A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits but the other is neither helped nor harmed.
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| community | All the organisms that inhabit a particular area; an assemblage of populations of different species living close enough together for potential interaction.
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| competition | A symbiotic relationship between or among living things for resources, such as food, space, shelter, mate, ecological status, etc.
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| ecological niche | The sum of a species’ use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment.
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| ecosystem | All the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic factors with which they interact; one or more communities and the physical environment around them.
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| exponential growth | Growth of a population in an ideal, unlimited environment, represented by a J-shaped curve when population size is plotted over time.
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| extinction | The state or process of ceasing or causing something to cease to exist.
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| habitat | The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.
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| invasive species | A species, often introduced by humans, that takes hold outside its native range.
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| keystone species | A species that is not necessarily abundant in a community yet exerts strong control on community structure by the nature of its ecological role or niche.
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| logistic growth | Population growth in which the growth rate decreases with increasing number of individuals until the population reaches the carrying capacity of the environment.
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| mimicry | the resemblance of one organism to another but both are different species.
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| mutualism | a symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species in which both individuals benefit
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| natural selection | The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
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| over exploitation | refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. The stock is drawn down below the size that is self sustaining.
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| parasitism | A symbiotic relationship in which one organism, the parasite, benefits at the expense of another, the host, by living either within or on the host.
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| population | all the members of a particular species living in the same area.
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| predation | An interaction between species in which one species, the predator, eats the other, the prey.
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| symbiosis | An ecological relationship between organisms of two different species that live together in direct and intimate contact.
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| variation | differences between two organisms in the same species.
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