Patterns of Inheritance Notes
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| heredity: | show 🗑
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| the scientific study of heredity is known as: | show 🗑
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| show | where both parents contributed factors that were blended in offspring
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| show | austrian monk
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| show | self-fertilized (pollen fertilized egg before flower opened)
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| show | seeds had same characteristic as single parent plant
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| show | he selected plants with different traits to breed together
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| mendel studied traits: | show 🗑
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| trait: | show 🗑
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| mendel crossed plants with 7 contrasting characteristics and studied offspring. example: | show 🗑
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| original pair of plants were called P ___ offspring were called F1 ___ | show 🗑
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| show | the results of crosses between parents with different traits
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| when crossing two different parents what were the offspring like? P: tall x short F1: | show 🗑
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| show | factors that are passed from one generation to the next; genes
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| show | different forms of gene - each is given a letter
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| the principle of dominance: | show 🗑
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| show | dominant form; the organism will always have form
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| if an organism has a ___ of a trait, it will only show if ______. (recessive alleles are written with a lower-case letter) | show 🗑
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| principle of segregation: during _____, alleles are ___ from each other so that each gamete carries only a ____. | show 🗑
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| show | paired up again when gametes fuse during fertilization
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| show | the likelihood that a particular event will occur
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| show | 1/2*1/2 or 1/4
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| the principles of probability can be used to predict the ____. | show 🗑
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| we can determine the probable results of a genetic cross by drawing a _____. | show 🗑
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| homozygous: | show 🗑
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| heterozygous: | show 🗑
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| show | physical characteristics of an organism
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| show | genetic makeup of an individual EX: TT or tt- the letters
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| if a plant has a tall ____ it can have one of two ____ EX: phenotype: genotype: | show 🗑
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| the larger the number of individuals in the sample, ______. | show 🗑
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| show | two traits
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| show | genes for different traits can be segregated independently during the formation of gametes
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| show | one allele isn't completely dominant over another; 2 homozygous phenotypes
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| show | both alleles contribute to the phenotype; cattle with both are roan
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| multiple alleles: | show 🗑
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| polygenic traits: | show 🗑
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| show | the pair of sex chromosomes x and y determine the gender of an individual
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| show | the chromosomes that are the same in males and femals
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| sex chromosome: | show 🗑
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| show | the pair of sex chromosomes x and y determine the gender of an individual
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| show | a gene is located on one of the sex chromosomes is said to be sex-linked
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| show | genes; DNA in nucleus
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| show | genes occupy specific positions on chromosomes; chromosomes undergo independent assortment and segregation
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| linked genes: | show 🗑
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| linkage groups: | show 🗑
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| show | drosophila melanogaster-fruit flies
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| why don't all of the offspring have the same genotypes as their parents? | show 🗑
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| show | during meiosis- exchange of information between homologous chromosomes
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| crossing over breaks _______. | show 🗑
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| show | a diagram of chromosomes showing relative locations of genes
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| genes close together are ______. | show 🗑
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| show | crossing over
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