chapter 1 & 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. | Chemistry
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| matter | anything that has mass and occupies space.
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| A characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured. | property
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| What are some of the features of the procedure known as the scientific method? | Observation, hypothesis, experiment, and theory.
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| Observation is something that is _________ and can be _________. | witnessed; recorded
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| hypothesis- a possible ________ for an observation. | explanation
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| Experiment- action we do to _______ a hypothesis. | Test
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| A set of hypothesis are organized into a _____, often called a _______. | theory; model
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| theory- an attempt to ______ some part of the universe (the why). | explain
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| A theory is used to make _______, which are compared with further observations. If they do not agree, then the theory must be ________ or _______. | predictions; modified; replaced.
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| When similar law are made in many situations, this behavior is stated as a natural_____, a summary of observations. | scientific law
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| a quantitative observation. It is made by using comparing with a standard measuring device or unit. | measurement
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| four important parts of any measurement. | number, unit, physical property, and uncertainty number that tells the precision of the measurement.
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| The ______ that tells the amount of the quantity measured. | number
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| the _____ that tells scales the measurement. | unit
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| ______is the amount of matter in an object. | Mass
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| _______ is the force exerted on the mass of an object by the full of gravity. | weight
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| The expression of a number as the product of a digit term and an exponential term, such as 3.07 x 10^15 | Scientific notation
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| a non-zero digit, followed by a decimal point and any other digits. | digit term
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| The number 10 raised to a power, called the _______. In 3.07 x 10^15, 10^15 | exponential term.
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| The digits that are certain, plus 1 that is uncertain is called ___________. | significan figures
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| All __________ _______ are significan figures. | non-zero digits
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| _________ (to the left of non-zero digit) are place-holders. They are _____ significant figures. | leading zeros; not
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| ________ ______ (to the right of the last non-zero digit) are significant figures, IF the number has a ________ ________ _______. | Trailing zeros; written decimal point
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| When adding or subtracting, the sum or difference should have as many _____ _______ as the term that has the _____ decimal places. | decimal places; fewest
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| When multiplying or dividing, the products or qoutient should has as many ________ ______ as the factor that has the ______ significant figures. | significant figures; fewest
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| What are the basic units of length, mass, volume, time, and temperature? | meter (m), gram (g), liter (L), second (s), degree celcius (°C) and kelvin (K).
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| A ______ is the mass of 1 cm^3 of water at its maximum density (4°C). | gram
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| A _____ is the volume of 1kg of water at 4°C. | liter
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| 1 m = ___ dm | 10 dm
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| 1 m = ___ cm | 100 cm
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| 1 km = ____ m | 1000 m
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| 1 m = ___ mm | 1000 mm
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| 1 kg = ___ g | 1000 g
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| 1 g = ____ mg | 1000 mg
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| 1 L = ____ mL | 1000 mL
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| 1 m³ = ____ cm³ | 1,000,000 cm³
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| 1 mL = ____ cm³ = ___ cc | 1 cm³; 1 cc
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| What is the formula of density? | d = m/v
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| All _____ we know has energy. | matter
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| Energy | the ability to do work.
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| What are the two classification of energy? | kinetic and potential energy
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| the energy possesed by matter due to its motion. | Kinetic energy
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| potential energy | energy that is stored in matter.
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| the form of energy that flows from an object of higher temperature to an object of lower temperature; it is associated with the ___ of the particles in a substance. | Heat; motion
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| Energy, particularly heat, can be measured ______. | calories (cal)
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| ______ the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of pure water 1°C. | calories
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| Since the calorie is not a lot of heat, the _______ is often used. | kilocalories (kcal)
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| 1 kal = _____ cal | 1000 cal
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| The SI unit for both energy and work is the _____. | joule (J)
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| 1 cal = _____ J | 4.184 J
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| 1 kJ = ____ J | 1000 J
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| What are the temperature scales? | °F, °C, and K.
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| formula of Kelvin to Celcius | K = °C + 273.15
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| formula of Celcius to Kelvin | °C = K - 273.15
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| ______ is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance 1°C. | specific heat (SH)
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| heat = (mass)(specific heat)(change in temp.) | q = (m)(SH)(ΔT)
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| How to calculate change of the temperature? | ΔT = T2 - T1
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| Uniform composition, appearace, and properties throughout is called ______. | homogeneous
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| Not uniform in composition throughout is called ______. | heterogeneous
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| 2 or more substances, each of which retains its identity and characteristic properties, so that can be separated by physical means is called _____. | mixture
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| _____ is a homogeneous mixture. | solution
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| A form of matter with a definite, fixed composition is called _______. | (pure) substance
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| a pure substance that is composed of 2 or more elements chemically combined in definite proportions is called _______. | compound
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| A pure substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by physical or chemical means is called ______. | element
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| has both a definite shape and a definite volume is called ______. | solid
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| has definite volume, but not a definite shape; it take shape of its container is called _____. | liquid
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| has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume; it takes the shape and volume of its container. | gas
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| liquids and gases are collctively called _____ because they do not have a definite shape, they are able to flow. | fluids
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| A change that does not alter the identity of the substance is called ______. | physical change
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| a process that involves a change in the composition or structure of the substance is called ______. | chemical change
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| conversion of matter from one state to another is called ____. | changes of state
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| change from a solid to a liguid is called _____, and occurs at the ______ (mp). | melting; melting point
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| the temperature at which the particles in the solid gain sufficient energy to overcome the attractive forces that hold them together is called _____. | melting point (mp)
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| _______ changing from a liquid to a solid, occurs at the _____ (fp). | freezing; freezing point
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| the temperature at which the particles in the liquid slow down enough that the attractve forces pull the particles close together is called _____. | freezing point.
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| ______ is energy needed at the melting point to separate the particles of a solid; also, energy ________ when the liquid freezes. | heat of fusion; released
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| heat = (mass)(heat of fusion) | q = (m)(ΔHfus)
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| liquid molecules with sufficient energy escape from the liquid surface and enter the gas phase is called ______. | evaporating
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| Gas bubbles form throughout the liquid, rise to the surface, and escape is called ______, which occurs at the _____. | boiling; boiling point (bp)
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| Gas molecules cool, slow down, lose kinetic energy, and convert to liquid is called _____. | condensation
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| the temperature at which all the molecules of the liquid have the energy needed to change in to a gas is called ______. | boiling point.
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| energy needed to vaporize exactly 1 g of liquid to gas at its boiling point; also, energy released when the gas condensed is called _____. | heat of vaporization
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| heat = (mass)(heat of vaporization) | q = (m)(ΔHvap)
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| changing from a solid directly to a gas without going through the liquid state is called _____. | sublimation
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| a graph that illustrate, visually, changes of state as heat is added called ______. | heating curve
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| a graph that illustrate, visullay, changes of state as heat is removed called ______. | cooling curve
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Created by:
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