Psychology- chapter3
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show | The brief time interval following an action potential when a neuron is incapable of being stimulated to fire another pulse
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Acetylcholine | show 🗑
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show | Nerve impulse resulting from the depolarization of an axon's cell membrane
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Adaptations | show 🗑
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Adoption Studies | show 🗑
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show | Endocrine glands that release stress hormones, including catecholamines and cortichosteroids
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Agonist | show 🗑
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show | States that an action potential is not proportional to the intensity of stimulation; a neuron either fires with maximum intensity or it does not fire
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Amygdala | show 🗑
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show | A drug that inhibits or decreases the action of a neurotransmitter
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show | Literally, antibody generators, or foreign substances that activate the cells of the immune system
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show | The partial or total loss of the ability to understand speech or to produce it
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show | The areas of the cerebral cortex that do not have sensory or motor functions but are involved in the integration of neural activity that underlies perception, language, and other higher-order mental processes
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Autonomic Nervous System | show 🗑
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show | An extension from one side of the body that conducts nerve impulses to other neurons, muscles, or glands
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Behavior Genetics | show 🗑
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show | Mechanisms that enable and predispose us to behave, feel, and even to think in certain ways
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Brain Stem | show 🗑
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Broca's Area | show 🗑
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show | The portion of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord
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show | A convoluted hindbrain structure involved in motor coordination and some aspects of learning and memory
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show | The gray, convoluted outer covering of the brain that is the seat of higher-order sensory, motor, perceptual, and mental processes
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Cerebrum | show 🗑
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Chromosome | show 🗑
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Computerized Axial Tomography Scan | show 🗑
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show | The likelihood that two people share a particular characteristic
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Corpus Callosum | show 🗑
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show | Small branching fibers that extend from the soma of a neuron and receive messages from adjacent neurons
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Electroencephalograph | show 🗑
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Endocrine System | show 🗑
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Evolution | show 🗑
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show | Brain structures above the midbrain, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, and the cerebral hemispheres; Involved in higher-order sensory, motor, and cognitive functions
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show | A brain scanning procedure that produces pictures of blood flow in the brain taken less than a second apart
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Genes | show 🗑
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show | The specific genetic makeup of the individual, which may or may not be expressed in the observable phenotype
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show | A change in the electrical potential of a neuron that is proportional to the intensity of the incoming stimulation but not sufficient to produce an action potential
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Heritability Coefficient | show 🗑
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show | The part of the brain situated immediately above the spinal cord that contains the brain stem and cerebellum
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Hippocampus | show 🗑
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show | The maintenance of biological equilibrium, or balance, within the body
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show | Chemical substances secreted by the glands of the endocrine system that travel in the bloodstream and affect bodily organs, psychological functions, and development
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Hypothalamus | show 🗑
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Interneurons | show 🗑
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show | The degree of localization of a function in either the right or left cerebral hemisphere
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Limbic System | show 🗑
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show | A brain scanning procedure that produces a highly detailed image of a living tissue based on the tissue's response to a magnetic field; can be used to study both structure and, the the case of functional MRI, brain functions as well
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Medulla | show 🗑
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Midbrain | show 🗑
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Motor Cortex | show 🗑
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Motor Neurons | show 🗑
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Mylein Sheath | show 🗑
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Natural Selection | show 🗑
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Neural Plasticity | show 🗑
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show | Immature “uncommitted” cells that can mature into any type of neuron or glial cell needed by the brain
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show | The production of new neurons in the nervous system, sometimes to replace neurons that have died or been damages
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show | Neurotransmitter substances that are released by neurons and circulate within the nervous system to affect the sensitivity of many neurons to their natural transmitter substances
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show | Nerve cells that constitute the basic building blocks of the nervous system
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show | Chemical substances that are released from the axons of one neuron, travel across the synaptic space, and bind to specially keyed receptors in another neuron, where they produce a chemical reaction that is either excitatory or inhibitory
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show | The branch of the autonomic nervous system that slows down bodily processes to conserve energy and reduce arousal
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Peripheral Nervous System | show 🗑
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show | The observable characteristics produced by one's genetic endowment
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show | A number of genes working together to create a particular phenotypic characteristic
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show | A brain stem structure having sensory and motor tracts whose functions are involved in sleep and dreaming
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Positron-Emission Tomography Scan | show 🗑
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show | The area of the frontal lobe just behind the eyes and the forehead that is involved in the executive functions of planning, self-awareness, and responsibility
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Psychoactive Drugs | show 🗑
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Receptor Sites | show 🗑
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Resting Potential | show 🗑
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show | A structure extending from the hindbrain into the lower forebrain that plays a central role in consciousness, sleep and attention, in part by alerting and activating higher brain centers and by blocking some inputs to higher regions of the brain
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Reuptake | show 🗑
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Sensory Neurons | show 🗑
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show | The branch of the peripheral nervous system that provides input from the sensory receptors and output to the voluntary muscles of the body
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show | Cortical strips in the front portions of the parietal lobes that receive sensory input from the opposite side of the body
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show | The branch of the autonomic nervous system that has an arousal function on the body's internal organs, speeding up bodily processes and mobilizing the body
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Synaptic Space | show 🗑
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Synaptic Vesicles | show 🗑
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Thalamus | show 🗑
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show | A research method in behavioral genetics in which identical and fraternal twins are compared on some characteristic; this method is particularly informative if the twins have been raised in different environments
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Wernicke's Area | show 🗑
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Created by:
Akile6
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