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NSAIDs

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Question
Answer
What is an NSAID?   Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.  
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NSAID: Action?   Inhibit prostaglandin or leukotriene pathways of inflammation.  
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Prostaglandin pathway?   Potentiates action of inflammatory substances (histamine, bradykinin) in production of edema and pain.  
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Leukotriene pathway?   Also mediators of inflammation  
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NSAIDs: Indications?   Headache, gout, diabetic neuropathy, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, pain relief (analgesia)  
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NSAIDs: Contraindications?   Known drug allergy. Risk of bleeding.  
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NSAIDs: SE/AE?   GI distress: heartburn, GI bleeding, mucosal lesions (aspirin)  
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NSAIDs: Toxicity?   GI effects, tinnitus, CNS- dizziness, drowsiness; metabolic acidosis.  
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NSAIDs: Contraindications?   Pregnancy, lactation, hepatic or renal disease, cardiovascular dysfunction, GI bleeding or peptic ulcers  
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NSAIDs: Obtain baseline on...?   Skin lesions, temperature, orientation, vital signs, perfusion, CBC, liver/renal tests, stool guiac  
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Ibuprofen: What is it?   Propionic acid agent  
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Ibuprofen: Max strength for nonprescription?   200 mg  
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Ibuprofen: Indications?   Anti-inflammatory, analgesia, anti-pyretic. Used for: rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, dental pain, etc.  
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Ibuprofen: Trade names?   Motrin, Advil  
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Ibuprofen: Contraindications?   Pregnancy. Drug allergy  
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Ibuprofen: SE/AE?   Dizziness, headache, somnolence (drowsiness), fatigue, rash, nausea, bleeding, constipation  
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Salicylates: Action?   Inhibit prostaglandins. Anti-pyretic. Inhibits platelet aggregation (clotting)  
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Salicylates: Indications?   Pain, fever, inflammatory conditions (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis). Prevention of stroke (CVA), heart attack (MI)  
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Salicylates: Contraindiations?   Pregnancy, lactation, pediatric patients, those w/ bleeding tendencies.  
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What condition can salicylates cause in pediatric patients?   Reye's syndrome: Potentially fatal disease, brain and liver effects, hypoglycemia. Rash, vomiting, and liver damage.  
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Salicylates: SE/AE?   Nausea, vomiting, heartburn, epigastric discomfort, clotting, dizziness, tinnitis, diarrhea, tachypnea (rapid breathing), confusion  
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Aspirin: Indications?   Prophylaxis of cardiovascular disease or stroke. (81 mg/day) Analgesic for headache, neuralgia (nerve pain), inflammation.  
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Aspirin: Children?   Avoid in children with flu-like symptoms- may cause Reye's.  
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What is Toradol?   Trade name: Keterolac. Used for analgesic effects. Requires prescription. Unique chemical structure. Only NSAID that can be given orally or injectable.  
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