immunity stack
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| what are living things that cause disease called? | a pathogen
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| what are most diseases caused by pathogens? | infectious
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| how are they passed? | direct and indirect contact, eating infected food and drinking infected water, and animal bites
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| how does the immune system protect the body? | it is the defence system and it guards the body against pathogens and the diseases they cause
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| what is the first line of defence? | the skin, sweat, oils, mucus, and gastric juices
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| what does gastric jiuces do in the stomach? | it kills the pathogens that enter the stomach
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| what is the second line of defence? | inate, and acquired immune responses
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| what is a inate immune response? | it is a quick, general response that (almost) every living thing is born with. when pathogens attack the human body, the body makes more white blood cells
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| what is a white blood cell? | they are cells that are carried in the blood to fight infections in the body. the white blood cells are sent to the part of the body that is infected by the pathogens. the white blood cells swallow the invading pathogens
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| what is a acquired immune response? | normally, the immune system recognizes tissue and cells of the body as things that belonge to the body. when the body invaded by a foreign substance, the immune system recogizes it as not belonging. it can take up to a week to develop the reponse needed
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| what is a antigen? | it is any non-living substance that is foreign to the body and triggers an immune reponse
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| what can be a antigen? | a splinter, pland pollen, and a virus are a example of a antigen
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| what is one of the ways the body start a acquired immune response? | one way that that the body starts a acquired immune response involves white blood cells called B cells to make a substance called antibodies. antibodies bind to antigens to make them harm less or mark them for destruction by other white cells
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| what is the other way the body starts a acquired immune response? | the other way that the body starts an aquired immune response involves the helper T cells. helper T cells find antigens and singal B cells to produce antibodies to attack them.
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| what is the diffrence between a pathogen and a antigen? | a pathogen is alive; a antigen is not
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