Sociology - Exam 4 - Part 1 - Chapter 11
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| socially constructed category of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important | Race
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| shared cultural heritage | Ethnicity
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| any category of people distinguished by physical or cultural difference that a society sets apart & subordinates | Minority
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| greater power, privileges, and social status | Dominant
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| rigid & unfair generalization about an entire category of people | Prejudice
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| simplified description applied to every person in some category | Stereotype
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| how closely people are willing to interact | Social distance
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| belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another | Racism
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| prejudice comes from frustration among people who are disadvantaged | Scapegoat
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| prejudice is a personality trait | Authoritarian Personality
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| prejudice is part of the culture in which we all learn & live | Culture
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| prejudice is a tool used by powerful people to justify privilege for themselves and to oppress others | Conflict
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| unequal treatment of various categories of people | Discrimination
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| 2 types of Discrimination | Institutional
Individual
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| all races & ethnicities are distinct but have equal social standing | Pluralism
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| minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture | Assimilation
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| physical & social separation of categories of people | Segregation
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| systematic killing of one category of people by another | Genocide
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| Who are the “invisible minority”? | Native Americans
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| Year in which Native Americans were declared wards of the government | 1871
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| Year of Wounded Knee | 1890
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| Indian Removal Act of 1830 led to? | Trail of Tears (4000 deaths)
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| declared that only white immigrants could apply for citizenship | Naturalization Act of 1790
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| Year of Dred Scott decision | 1857
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| Year of 13th Amendment, emancipation | 1865
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| Year of 14th Amendment, overruled Dred Scott | 1868
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| Year supreme Court ruled blacks could vote in Southern primaries | 1944
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| Year supreme court ruled that black have the legal right to attend same public schools | 1954
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| ________ are the largest racial or ethnic minority | Hispanics
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| Civil Rights Movement consisted of what acts? | Civil Rights Act of 1964
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Fair Housing Act of 1968
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| Currently, about how many immigrants come to the United States each year? | 1.5 million
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| According to the most recent data, African Americans accounted for about what percentage of the U.S. population? | 12.8%
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| In 2010, African Americans accounted for _____ of members of the House of Representatives and ___ member(s) of the Senate. | 9%, 1
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