speech final test
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| four components of emotion | physiological changes, nonverbal reactions, cognitive interpretations, verbal expression
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| physiological changes | during intense conflict, increased hr and BS, slowing of digestion and dilation of pupils can occur.
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| nonverbal reaction | a person's appearance, blushing perspiring, facial expression, posture, gestures, vocal tone and rate.
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| cognitive interpretations | since some of the bodily changes are similar as stress and excitement, the ability to interpret those can be hard.
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| verbal expression | although nonverbal behavior is better at communication, the ability to communicate clearly about emotions is necessary for development and well being.
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| what are common and typical human emotions to all cultures? | anger, fear, and sadness
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| furious | annoyed, angry
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| grieving | pensive, sad
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| ecstatic | content, happy
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| terrified | anxious, afraid
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| adoring | liking, loving
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| emotional intelligence | the ability to understand and manage one's own emotions and to be sensitive to to others feelings.
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| personality | influences emotional expression relationship between personality and the way people experience and communicate emotions.
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| culture | influences emotional expression with different cultures can generate different feelings and display their feelings.
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| gender | differences between how men and women express, recognize and use emotions.
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| fear of self-disclosure | expression of feelings and emotions can be risky unpleasant consequences
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| emotional contagion | the process by which emotions are transferred from one person to another.
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| recognize your feelings | people that are aware of their feelings have a wider range of valuable traits: positive relationships between parents and children, ability to comfort others, sensitivity to none verbal clues, humor.
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| choose the best language | through single words - I'm angry. happening to you metaphorically - my stomach is in knots. what you'd like to do, I'd like to give you a hug.
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| share multiple feelings | use different emotions to look at the situation.
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| recognize the difference between feeling and acting | recognizing the difference between feeling and acting can liberate you from the fear that getting in touch with certain emotions will commit you from some disastrous course of actions.
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| accept responsibility for your feelings | make sure your emotional expressions don't blame others for the way you feel.
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| choose the best time and place to express your feelings | better to wait until you have thought out carefully of how you might express your feelings
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| fallacy of catastrophic expectations | assumption that if something bad can happen, it probably will - a position similar to Murphy's Law
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| fallacy of should | source of unhappiness is the inability to distinguish between what is and what should be - there should be no rain on the weekends.
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| fallacy of helplessness | suggests that forces beyond our control determine satisfaction in life
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| fallacy of approval | going to great lengths to seek acceptance from others, even sacrificing their own principles and happiness
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| fallacy of perfection | believe that a worthwhile communicator should be able to handle and situation with complete confidence and skill
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| fallacy of causation | believe they should do nothing that can hurt or in anyway inconvenience others because it will cause undesirable feelings
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| fallacy of overgeneralization | occurs when a person bases a belief on a limited amount of information
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| appearance | is important in early stages of a relationship, but is less important as relationships progress
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| similarity | more similar a couples personalities are, the more likely they are to be happy in their marriage
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| complementarity | differences strengthen a relationship
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| rewards | seeking out people in relationships who can give us rewards that are greater than or equal to the costs we encounter in dealing with them.
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| compentency | we tend to find relationships with people that are on the same level of compentency
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| proximity | more likely to develop relationships with people who live in the same area
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| disclosure | sharing of private information, sometimes receiving reciprocity or respect and trust from the other person
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| dimensions of intimacy - emotional | sharing important information and feelings
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| dimensions of intimacy - financial intimacy | describes how couples need to be open, honest, and in sync
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| dimensions of intimacy - shared activities | when you engage in another persons ideas, a kind of closeness develops that can be powerful and exciting
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| gender & intimacy | women are more interested than men in achieving emotional intimacy
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| computer mediated communication and intimacy | online dating, chat rooms, are good sources for finding relationships, but are impersonal.
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| commitment | involves a promise, sometimes implied and sometimes explicit to remain in a relationship to make that relationship successful
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| indicators of a committed romantic relationship | affection, support, integrity, companionship, effort to reg communicate, respect, relational future, positive relational atmosphere, working on problems together, reassuring one's commitment
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| initiating | show that you are interested in making contact and to demonstrate that you are a person worth talking to
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| experimenting | small talk, searching for common ground.
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| intensifying | includes participating in shared activities, hanging out with mutual friends, taking trips together
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| integrating | take on identity as a social unit, addressed as a couple, social circles merge.
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| bonding | symbolic public gestures to show the world that their relationship exists.
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| differentiating | relationship begins to experience the first feelings in stress, talking about I, not we.
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| circumscribing | begins to stagnate
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| avoiding | creating distance between each other
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| terminating | final stage of relationship
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| communication climate | social tone of a relationship, doesn't involve specific activites as much as the way people feel about each other
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| how does communication climate develop? | determined by the degree to which people see themselves as valued.
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| confirming messages - recognition | the most fundamental act is to recognize the other person
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| confirming messages - acknowledgment | being able to acknowledge the ideas and feelings of others is a stronger form of confirmation than simple recognition.
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| confirming messages - endorsement | agree with the other person or find them important - strongest type of confirming message
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| disagreeing messages - argumentativeness | presenting and defending a position on issues while attacking positions taking by others.
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| disagreeing messages - complaining | are not ready to argue but want to register dissatisfaction
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| disagreeing messages - aggressiveness | most destructive way to disagree with another person, demeans the worth of the other person
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| disconfirming messages - impervious response | fails to acknowledge the other person's communicative attempt, either nonverbally or verbally
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| disconfirming messages - interrupting response | one person begins to speak before the other is finished
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| disconfirming messages - tangential | does not acknowledge the other person's communication
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| disconfirming messages - impersonal | speaker never interacts with other person, generalized statements, impersonal.
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| disconfirming messages - ambiguous | message with more than one meaning, or only private to speaker alone.
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| disconfirming messages - incongruous responses | contains two messages, that contradict each other.
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| defensiveness | process of protecting our presenting self, our face
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| climate patterns - spiral | reciprocal patterns, both positive and negative
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| conflict | expressed struggle between at least two independent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scare resources, and interference from the other party in achieving their goals
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| expressed struggle | can be shown without saying anything, dirty look silent treatment.
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| perceived incompatible goals | both people don't see there is common ground for each to be happy.
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| perceived scarce resources | when people believe there isn't enough of something to go around
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| interdependence | many conflicts remain unresolved because people fail to understand
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| inevitability | it is impossible to avoid conflicts, the challenge them effectively when they do arise.
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| dysfunctional conflict | outcomes fall short of what is possible and have a damaging effect on the relationship.
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| functional conflict | achieve the best possible outcome, even strengthen the relationship.
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| lose-lose | avoidance, ignore or stay away from conflict.
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| win-win | collaboration, high degree of concern for both self and others, with the goal of solving problems - our way.
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| lose-win | accommodation, allow others to have their own way rather than asserting our own point of view.
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| win-lose | competition, high concern for self and low concern for others.
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| nonintimate aggressive | dispute issues without dealing with one another on an emotional level
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| nonintimate nonaggressive | avoid conflict and one another instead of facing issues head on
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| intimate aggressive | aggression and intimacy in a manner that might seem upsetting to outsiders, but can work well in some relationships.
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| conflict management - define your needs | deciding what you need or want
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| conflict management - share your needs with the other person | time to share your needs with your partner
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| conflict management - listen to the other person's needs | find out what the other persons wants and needs are
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| conflict management - generate possible solutions | partners try to think of as many ways to satisfy both of their needs as possible.
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| conflict management - evaluate the possible solutions and choose the best one. | solutions are evaluated for their ability to satisfy everyone's goals
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| conflict management - implement the solution | try out the idea selected to see if it does indeed satisfy everyone's needs
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| conflict management - follow up the solution | solution my lose or increase its effectiveness, so follow up needs to take place.
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| family | is a system with two or more interdependent people who have a common history and a present reality, and who expect to influence each other in the future
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| communication - spouses/partners - traditional | traditional sex roles, great degree of interdependence, high marital satisfaction, high expression of affection
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| communication - spouses/partners - independent | maintain psychological distance, don't avoid conflict, low marital satisfaction, low expression of affection.
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| communication -spouses/partners - separates | high value of individual freedom, avoid conflict, need greater space, low expression of affection, less marital satisfaction
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| communication - parent/child | communication becomes more complex, interesting, and challenging when children arrive on the scene
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Created by:
hajet