Limbic System
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| Triune concept of McLean: Evolution and the Limbic System | 1)Protoreptilian Brain: Instinct
2)Paleomammalian Brain: Limbic System –Emotion
3)Neomammalian Brain: Neocortex –Analytical Rasoning
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| Papez Circuit | Hippocampus>(Fimbria Fornix)> Mamillary bodies> (Mamillothalamic tract)> Anterodorsal Thalamus> (Anterior Thalamic Radiations)> Cingulate Cortex > (Cingulum) > Parahippocampal Regions> (Perforant Pathway)
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| Nauta | Septo-(preoptico)-hypothalamic-mesencephalic continuum
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| Current Conceptions of the Limbic System | •Includes the amygdala
•Modified Papez circuitry
•Multiple and complex functions
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| Summary of Limbic Connections | 1) Motivation (distributed in brain, includes hypothalamus and ANS)
2) Emotion (amygdala)
3) Memory (hippocampus)
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| Characteristics of Limbic Functions | •Neither sensory nor motor but linked to both
•Special links to autonomic and neuroendocrine(hypothalamus) systems
•Have a cognitive component
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| Amygdala Zones | *Basolateral: neocortical input, subcortical output. Role - memory, emotional significance of stimuli
*Corticomedial:olfactory input, hypoth output. Role -feeding,appetite
*Central:visceral sensory/motor, postparietal cortex. Role- auto responses to emo
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| Major Circuit through the HCF | Entorhinal (via perforantpath to...)
Dentate gyrus granule cells (mossy fiber pathway)
CA3 pyramids (via Schaeffer collaterals to...)
CA1 pyramids
Subiculum
Entorhinal (closes loop)
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| Major Inputs to Hippocampal Formation | Cortical:Entorhinal cortex via perforant pathway (largest)
Subcortical: Septum
-Via the fornix
-Cholinergic
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| Septal Nuclei | A major fornix target(reciprocal cholinergic modulation w/ the hippocampus)
Other connections with Hypothalamus, Amygdala, Cingulate cortex
Self-stimulation hot spot (pleasure center)
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| Evidence for Cortical Role in Emotion | •Irritability with sham rage implies tonic forebrain control
•Emotion affects cognition and vice versa
•PhineasGage
•Cognition plays a role in our interpretation of affect
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| BarbasPaper: Prefrontal cortex and synthesis of Cognition, Memory, and Emotion | •Lateral Prefrontal Areas: Early visual processing, Attention,Working memory
•Orbitofrontal Areas: Late visual processing,Object memory
•Limbic (medial) Prefrontal Areas: Emotional memory, Long-term memory
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