Caring for clients with Bowel disorders
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| What is diarrhea? | an increase in the frequency, volume, and water content of stool.
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| What is a main complication of diarrhea? | dehydration
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| What is another complication that can happen with rapid fluid loss? | hypovolemic shock
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| What diagnostics test is done for a culture in diarrhea? | stool specimen
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| What is the dietary managment for diarrhea? | solid food witheld during first 24 hours of acute diarrhea.
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| What is priority for clients with diarrhea? | fluid replacement
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| What is a common antidiarrheal used to treat acute diarrhea? | Pepto-Bismol
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| How long should you take Pepto-Bismol? | No longer than 48 hours.
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| When should you give Pepto-Bismol? | 1 hour before or 2 hours after oral medications.
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| What diagnosis for diarrhea refer to skin? | Risk for skin intergrity
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| What diagnosis for diarrhea refer to fluid? | Risk for Deficient fluid volume
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| What is contipation? | infrequent or difficule passage of stools. When a client has two or fewer bowel movements weekly.
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| When is it inappropriate to give laxatives? | suspected bowel obsrtuctioin or impaction.
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| What is a common lubricant that is used for constipation? | Mineral oil
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| When should magnesim citrate be given? | on empty stomach with a full glass of water
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| What should the nurse teach the client about bowel preps? | expect abdominal cramping, don't eat solid food 3 to 4 hours prior to ingesting polyethylene glycol solutions.
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| What is appendicitis? | inflammation of the appendix
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| Where is the appendix? | right lower quadrant region at McBurney's point.
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| How can the appendix become obstructed? | hard feces, stone, inflammationor parasites.
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| What are manifestations of appendicitis? | generalized abdominal pain in RUQ, rebound tenderness, anorexia, nasuea and vomtiting, low grade fever, aggravated by right hip extension.
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| What is a major complication of acute appendicitis? | perforation
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| What will you see in a WBC for a patient with appendicitis? | elevated wbc
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| What diagnostic test is done to confirm a diagnosis of appendicitis? | abdominal ultrasound.
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| What surgery is the treatment of choice for appendicitis? | appendectomy
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| How is the appendectomy performed? | laparotomy or laparoscopy
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| What is a laparotomy? | surgical opening of the abdomen
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| What is a lapraroscopy? | exploration of the abdomen using a endoscope.
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| What is peritonitis? | inflammation of peritoneum
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| What are the manifestations for acute abdominal peritonitis? | diffuse or localized pain, rebound tenderness, board-like rigidity or guarding of abdomen,diminished or absent bowel sounds.
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| What are the manifestations for systemic peritonitis? | fever, malaise, tachycardia, tachypnea, restlessness, confusion, oliguria.
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| What are the manifestations of Ulcerative Colitis? | 5 to 30 bloody stool, left lower quadrant crampy abdominal pain;relieved by defaction., anemia, weight loss.
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| What is the dietary management for ulcerative colitis during exacerbation ? | NPO
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| What surgeries are for ulcerative colitis? | total colectomy or ileostomy
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| What will be your pre-op teaching for bowel surgery? | pain management, turning , coughing and deep breathing, and expected tubes.
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| What will be your post-op teaching for bowel surgery? | encourage ambulation to stimulate peristalsis,provide pescribed medications, assess respiratory status,monitor bowel sounds.
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| What are the risk factors for Colorectal Cancer? | over age 50 years of age,family history of colorectal cancer, polyps of rectum or colon, smoking, alcohol consumption, inactivity, obesity, high fat diet, low fruit and vegetable intake.
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| What are some nursig diagnosis associated with a patient who has colorectal cancer? | acute pain, grieving, and sexual dysfunction.
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| What are the different types of hernia? | inguinal, strangulated, incarcerated, umbilical, incisional, ventral, and reducible.
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| What type of hernia occurs when the blood supply to tissue within the hernia? | strangualated
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| What is your nursing care for a patient with hernia? | comfort(pain and edema)adm pain meds and elevation, assess bowel sounds(note distention) and assess for signs of possible obstruction.
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| What type of hernia result from inadequate healing of a surgical incision? | ventral
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| What type of hernia occurs in the abdominal wall? | incisional
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| What type of hernia could be congential, from pregnancy, obesity or ascites? | umbilical
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| Manifestations of bowel obstruction? | abdominal pain; cramping or colicy, vomiting, borborygmi adn high pitched, tinkling bowel sounds, abd distention, signs of hypovelmia.
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