Hormones_Anatomy
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| ADH | Anti-diuretic hormone
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| Posterior pituitary gland | anti-diuretic hormone, and oxytocin
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| ADH | increases the reabsorption of water by kidney tubules, which decreases the amount of fluid formed
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| Oxytocin | stimulates contraction of the uterus at the end of pregnancy, stimulates mammary glands
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| FSH | Follicle Stimulating Hormone
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| FSH stimulates (women) | production of eggs in the ovary
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| TSH | Thyroid-stimulating hormone
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| TSH stimulates | the thyroid, causes it to secrete more thyroxine and T3
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| ACTH | Adrenocorticotropic hormone
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| ACTH increases | the secretion of cortisol from the adrenal gland
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| PRL | Prolactin
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| PRL targets | the mammary glands
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| GH | Growth hormone
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| GH increases | protein synthesis, rate of mitosis, increases the use of fats
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| LH | Luteinizing hormone
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| LH affects (women) | causes ovulation
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| LH affects (men) | increases secretion of testosterone by testes
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| FSH stimulates (men) | sperm production in testes
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| Thyroid gland secretes | Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) and calcitonin
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| T3 and T4 affect | metabolism/energy production
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| Calcitonin | decreases amount of calcium that goes from bones to blood
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| PTH | parathyroid hormone
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| PTH affects | causes more calcium from bone to blood, increases amount of calcium absorbed in small intestine
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| PTH is stimulated by | hypocalcemia
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| Adrenal medulla | secretes epinephyrine and norepinephrine
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| Norepinephrine causes | vasoconstriction in skin and skeletal muscles
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| Epinephrine causes | increase in heart rate and force of hearbeat, causes vasodilation in skeletal muscles, dilates the bronchioles, decreases peristalsis, and increases energy production
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| Aldosterone | increases the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium by the kidney tubules
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| Cortisol | decreases inflammation
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| Cortisol is released during | psychosocial stress
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| Somatostatin | decreases secretion of insulin/glucagon
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| Estrogen | promotes the maturation of the ovum in the ovarian follicle and stimultes the growth of blood vessels in the endometrium
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| Estrogen is stimulated by | FSH
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| Progesterone | promotes the storage of lycogen and the further growth of blood vessels in the endometrium, which thus become a potential placenta. It also influences the secretory cells of the mammary glands
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| Progesterone is stimulated by | LH
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| Inhibin (women) | decreases the secretion of FSH by the anterior pituitary gland and GnRH by the hypothalamus
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| Testosterone | Steroid hormone secreted by the interstitial cells of the testes
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| Testosterone is stimulated by | LH
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| Inhibin (men) | decreases the secretion of FSH
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| Inhibin is stimulated by | increased testosterone
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| PGs | Prostaglandins
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| PGs are involved in | inflammation, pain mechanisms, blood clotting, vasoconstriction and vasodilation, contraction of the uterus, reproduction, secretion of digestive glands and nutrient metabolism.
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