-Enzymes-
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| What are enzymes? | proteins that catalyze chemical reactions.
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| How do enzymes work? | By lowering the activation energy.
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| All of the work being done inside any cell is being done by: | Enzymes.
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| What is Oxidation? | the loss of an electron (or hydrogen).
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| What are Autotrophs? | Organisms that synthesize their own nutrients; include some bacteria that are able to synthesize organic molecules from simpler inorganic compounds.
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| What are Heterotrophs? | Organisms that obtain their nutrition by breaking down organic molecules in foods; include animals and fungi.
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| What is Anabolism? | the total series of chemical reactions involved in synthesis of organic compounds.
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| What is Catabolism? | the series of chemical reactions that breakdown larger molecules.
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| What is Homeostasis? | The ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.
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| What is Energy Activation? | The minimum amount of energy required for a given reaction to occur; varies from reaction to reaction.
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| What are Co-enzymes? | Chemicals required by a number of enzymes for proper functioning; also known as enzyme co-factors.
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| What is Reduction? | The gain of an electron or a hydrogen atom. The gain of electrons or hydrogen's in a chemical reaction.
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| What is Glycolysis? | The universal cellular metabolic process in the cell's cytoplasm where 6-carbon glucose is split into two 3-carbon pyruvate molecules, and some ATP and NADH are produced.
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| What is the substrate? | The biological molecule that the enzyme will attack.
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| The enzyme grabs onto the substrate with a special area called: | The active site
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| What is the active site? | A specially shaped area of the enzyme that fits around the substrate.
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| What is the Active site sometimes called? | The keyhole of the lock.
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| What is Catalysis? | When the substrate is changed.
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| What do enzymes do? | Complete very specific jobs and do nothing else.
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| Enzymes are: | Proteins.
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| What binds to the active site of an enzyme? | A substrate.
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| True or false, An enzyme can only bind one reactant at a time. | False.
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| True or false, An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction in the cell, but can only be used once. | False.
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| What are substrates converted into? | Products.
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| What also catalyzes reactions? | A few RNA molecules called ribozymes.
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