.spinal nerves
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| how many spinal nerves are there | 31 Pairs; 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal
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| Nerve divisions after leaving intervertebral foramen | dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, meningeal ramus
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| dorsal ramus | innervates muscles and joints of region
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| meningeal ramus | re-enters vertebral canal
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| 2 roots | dorsal and ventral
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| dorsal roots | afferent fibers from peripheral receptors
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| ventral roots | efferent fibers
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| ventral rami split and merge these divisions form | nerves pelxuses
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| nerve plexuses | plexuses gives rise to branches or peripheral nervous system, most divisions carry motor and somatosensory fibers
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| plexuses parts | cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
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| dermatomes | sensory input from defined areas of the skin
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| characteristics of reflexes | patterned response to a stimulus, may cause muscle contraction/glandular secretion
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| 5 essential components of the reflex arc | receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector organ
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| types of reflex arcs | monosynaptic and polysnyaptic
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| monosynaptic reflex arcs | knee-jerk reflex
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| polysynaptic reflex arcs | flexor or crossed extensor reflexes
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| stretch reflex | muscle is stretched which activates muscle spindles, impulses are sent through afferent fibers and then synapses
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| how does a a stretch reflex synapse | through alpha motor neurons and interneurons
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| alpha motor neurons | stretched muscle stimulated to contract
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| interneurons | exhibits reciprocal inhibition
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| flexor and crossed extensor reflexes | more processing occurs, involves coordination by cerebellum and cerebral cortex
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