Anticholinergic and Antimuscarinic Drugs
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| An agent that blocks parasympathetic nervous fibers is called | anticholinergic bronchodilator
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| An agent that produces the effect of acetylcholine is called | cholinergic
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| An agent that blocks parasympathetic nervous fibers,which allow relaxation of the smooth muscle in the airway,is called a(n) | parasympatholytic
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| ____________ is the same as cholnergic,producing the effect of acetylcholine or an agent that mimics acetylcholine. | muscarinic
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| The word____________ has the same meaning as anticholinergic:blocking the effect of acetylcholine at the cholinergic site | antimuscarinic bronchodilator
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| A __________ agent produces effects similar to those of parasympathetic nervous fiber | parasympathomimetic
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| Two anticholinergic bronchodilators that are indicated for maintenance and treatment of COPD,Chronic Bronchitis,and Emphysema | ipatropium bromide(Atrovent) and albuterol. "Combivent"
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| The drug used in severe asthma,especially bronchoconstriction that doesn't respond well to B-agonist therapy | ipatropium
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| Brand name for: tiotropium bromide Onset:? Peak:? Duration:? Dosage:(or puffs)? Administration(s): | spiriva
Onset:30min.
Peak:3hrs.
Duration:24hrs.
Dosage:1 inhalation (one capsule)
Administration(s):
DPI
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| Brand name for: ipatropium bromide Onset:? Peak:? Duration:? Dosage:(or puffs)? Administration(s): | atrovent
Onset:15min.
Peak:1-2hrs.
Duration:4-6hrs.
Dosage:(puffs)2 qid
Administration(s):MDI
Atrovent HFA Administrations:
HFA MDI
SVN
NASAL SPRAY (2 sprays per nostril 2 to 4 times daily)
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| Brand name for: ipatropium bromide and albuterol Onset:? Peak:? Duration:? Dosage:(or puffs)? Administration(s): | combivent & duoneb
Onset:15min.
Peak:1-2hrs.
Duration:4-6hrs.
Dosage:(puffs)2 qid
Administration(s):
MDI(Combivent)
SVN(Duoneb)
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| Ipatropium is a derivative of | atropine
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| Atropine is a _____________ ____________ and fully ionized,and is therefore readily absorbed into the bloodstream,is distributed through out the body,crosses the blood-brain barrier,and causes changes in CNS | quaternary ammonium
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| Cholinergic effects: | decreased heart rate
miosis( eye dilation)
thickening of the lens
SLUD
secretion of mucus
bronchoconstriction
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| Anticholinergic effects: | increased heart rate
mydriasis(pupil dilation)
cycloplegia (lens flattened)
drying upper airway
no tear formation
urinary retention
constipation
mucociliary slowing
inhubition of constriction
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| The most common side effects seen with anticholinergic aerosol ipatropium are ___________ and_____________. | dry mouth and blurred vision
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| Currently the major use for Atropine sulfate is for | bradycardia
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| Two terms synonymous "parasympatholytic" are | antimuscarinic and anticholinergic
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| In COPD,what two conditions restrict airflow? | bronchoconstriction and increased mucus production
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| Bradycardia is often caused by stimulation of the __________ nerve. | vagas
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| Why wouldn't Atropine work for someone with a heart transplant? | because they must have a vagal connection,this which is lost during transplantation, in return will leave no stimulation to the heart of the new owner.
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| What is rhinitis? | inflammation of the nasal passage
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| Why is atrovent used to treat rhinitis? | is reduces nasal activity (constricts mucus glands)
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| What are two desirable pulmonary effects of delivery of parasympatholytic agents? | decreased bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation
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| The main desired effect of antimuscarinic drugs are | bronchodilation
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| ipatropium bromide(atrovent) has what two general indications? | COPD with airway obstruction and rhinorrhea
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| _____________ is a drug often given to help diagnose asthma | methacholine
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| During a "certain drug" challenge(to diagnose asthma), a physician need to be available in short notice. Why? | Patient could go into severe bronchospasm
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| When giving anticholinergics SVN, the patient must be sure to not get it in the eye,ESPECIALLY if the have glaucoma. Why? | Glaucoma is a condition that causes pressure and fluid in the eye. An anticholinergic will increase the pressure already existing in the eye.
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| What maneuver should be tested before and after administration of a rapid action albuterol? | peak flow
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| How do you assess effectiveness in therapy given to a patient? | 1.)peak flow
2.)auscultations
3.)patient response
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