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Resp. Pharmacolgy
Anticholinergic and Antimuscarinic Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An agent that blocks parasympathetic nervous fibers is called | anticholinergic bronchodilator |
| An agent that produces the effect of acetylcholine is called | cholinergic |
| An agent that blocks parasympathetic nervous fibers,which allow relaxation of the smooth muscle in the airway,is called a(n) | parasympatholytic |
| ____________ is the same as cholnergic,producing the effect of acetylcholine or an agent that mimics acetylcholine. | muscarinic |
| The word____________ has the same meaning as anticholinergic:blocking the effect of acetylcholine at the cholinergic site | antimuscarinic bronchodilator |
| A __________ agent produces effects similar to those of parasympathetic nervous fiber | parasympathomimetic |
| Two anticholinergic bronchodilators that are indicated for maintenance and treatment of COPD,Chronic Bronchitis,and Emphysema | ipatropium bromide(Atrovent) and albuterol. "Combivent" |
| The drug used in severe asthma,especially bronchoconstriction that doesn't respond well to B-agonist therapy | ipatropium |
| Brand name for: tiotropium bromide Onset:? Peak:? Duration:? Dosage:(or puffs)? Administration(s): | spiriva Onset:30min. Peak:3hrs. Duration:24hrs. Dosage:1 inhalation (one capsule) Administration(s): DPI |
| Brand name for: ipatropium bromide Onset:? Peak:? Duration:? Dosage:(or puffs)? Administration(s): | atrovent Onset:15min. Peak:1-2hrs. Duration:4-6hrs. Dosage:(puffs)2 qid Administration(s):MDI Atrovent HFA Administrations: HFA MDI SVN NASAL SPRAY (2 sprays per nostril 2 to 4 times daily) |
| Brand name for: ipatropium bromide and albuterol Onset:? Peak:? Duration:? Dosage:(or puffs)? Administration(s): | combivent & duoneb Onset:15min. Peak:1-2hrs. Duration:4-6hrs. Dosage:(puffs)2 qid Administration(s): MDI(Combivent) SVN(Duoneb) |
| Ipatropium is a derivative of | atropine |
| Atropine is a _____________ ____________ and fully ionized,and is therefore readily absorbed into the bloodstream,is distributed through out the body,crosses the blood-brain barrier,and causes changes in CNS | quaternary ammonium |
| Cholinergic effects: | decreased heart rate miosis( eye dilation) thickening of the lens SLUD secretion of mucus bronchoconstriction |
| Anticholinergic effects: | increased heart rate mydriasis(pupil dilation) cycloplegia (lens flattened) drying upper airway no tear formation urinary retention constipation mucociliary slowing inhubition of constriction |
| The most common side effects seen with anticholinergic aerosol ipatropium are ___________ and_____________. | dry mouth and blurred vision |
| Currently the major use for Atropine sulfate is for | bradycardia |
| Two terms synonymous "parasympatholytic" are | antimuscarinic and anticholinergic |
| In COPD,what two conditions restrict airflow? | bronchoconstriction and increased mucus production |
| Bradycardia is often caused by stimulation of the __________ nerve. | vagas |
| Why wouldn't Atropine work for someone with a heart transplant? | because they must have a vagal connection,this which is lost during transplantation, in return will leave no stimulation to the heart of the new owner. |
| What is rhinitis? | inflammation of the nasal passage |
| Why is atrovent used to treat rhinitis? | is reduces nasal activity (constricts mucus glands) |
| What are two desirable pulmonary effects of delivery of parasympatholytic agents? | decreased bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation |
| The main desired effect of antimuscarinic drugs are | bronchodilation |
| ipatropium bromide(atrovent) has what two general indications? | COPD with airway obstruction and rhinorrhea |
| _____________ is a drug often given to help diagnose asthma | methacholine |
| During a "certain drug" challenge(to diagnose asthma), a physician need to be available in short notice. Why? | Patient could go into severe bronchospasm |
| When giving anticholinergics SVN, the patient must be sure to not get it in the eye,ESPECIALLY if the have glaucoma. Why? | Glaucoma is a condition that causes pressure and fluid in the eye. An anticholinergic will increase the pressure already existing in the eye. |
| What maneuver should be tested before and after administration of a rapid action albuterol? | peak flow |
| How do you assess effectiveness in therapy given to a patient? | 1.)peak flow 2.)auscultations 3.)patient response |
Created by:
Stefgarner
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