PSY
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| Motivation | The factors that direct energize the behavior of humans and other organisms
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| Instincts | Inborn patterns of behavior that are biologically determined rather than learned.
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| Drive-reduction approaches to motivation | Theories suggesting that a lack of basic biological rquirment such as water produces a drive to obtain that requirment (in this case, the thirst drive)
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| Drive | Motivaional tension, or arousal, that energizes behavior to fulfill a need.
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| Arousal apppraches to motivation | The belief that we try to maintain certain levels of stimulation and activity, increasing or reducing them as necessary.
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| Incentive approaches to motivation | Theories suggestiong that motivation stems from te desire to obtain valued external goals, or incentives.
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| Cognitive approaches to motivation | Theories suggesting that motivation is a product of people's thoughts and expectations- their cognitions
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| Self-actualization | A state of self-fulfillment in which people realize their highest potential, each in his or her own unique way.
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| Obesity | Body weight that is more than 20% above the average weight for a person of particular height
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| Weight Set Point | The particulat level of weight that the body strives to maintain
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| Metabolism | The rate at which food is converted to energy and expanded by the body.
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| Anorexia Nervosa | A severe eating disorder in which people may refuse to eat while denying that their behavior and appearance-which can become skeleton-like - are unusual.
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| Bulimia | A disorder in which a person binges on large quantities of food, followed by efforts to purge the food through vomiting or other means.
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| Androgens | Male sex hormones secreted by the testes.
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| Estrogen | Class of female sex hormones
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| Progesterone | A female sex hormone secreted by the ovaries
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| Ovulation | The point at which an egg is released from the ovaries.
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| Masturbation | Sexual self-stimulation
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| Heterosexuality | Sexual attraction and behavior directed to the other sex.
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| Double standard | The view that premarital sex is permissible for males but not for females.
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| Extramarital sex | Sexual activity between a married person and someone who is not his or her spouse.
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| Homosexuals | Persons who are sexually attracted to members of their own sex
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| Bisexuals | Persons who are sexually attracted to people of the same sex and the other sex
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| Transexuals | Persons who believe they were born with the body of the other gender
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| Need for achievement | A stable, learned characteristic in which a person obtains satisfaction by starving for and attaining a level of excellence
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| Need for affiliation | An interest in establishing and maintaining relationships with other people
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| Need for power | A tendency to seek impact, control, or influence over others, and to be seen as a powerful individual
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| Emotions | Feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements and that influence behavior
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| James-Lange theory of emotion | The idea that emotional experience is a reaction to bodily events occurring as a result of an external situation (i feel sad because I am crying).
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| Cannon-Bard theory of emotion | The view that both physiological arousal and emotional experience are produced simultaneously by the same nerve stimulation
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| Scharchter-Singer theory of emotion | THe idea that emotions are determined jointly by a nonspecific kind of physiological arousal and its interpretation, based on environmental cues.
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| Facial-affect program | Activation of a set of nerve inpulses that make the face display the appropriate expression
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| Facial-feedback hypothesis | The hypothesis that facial expressions not only reflect emotional experience but also help determine how people exerience and lable emotions
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