apa
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
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| what is a thesis? Rule 34a | show 🗑
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| what is the purpose of a thesis? Rule 34a | show 🗑
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| show | Understanding the limitations of medical treatments for children highlights the complexity of the childhood obesity problem in the U.S. and underscores the need for physicians, advocacy groups & policymakers to search for other solutions.
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| if you have the following research question, what would your thesis be: how has the popularity of the Internet shaped presidential campaign strategies? | show 🗑
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| show | as HMOs seek to increase the profitability with new cost-control methods, nurses have taken on more job responsibilities, but not always with adequate compensation.
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| show | yes.
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| show | method, results, discussion
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| what are the roles of sources? Rule 34c | show 🗑
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| what three different acts are considered plagiarism?rule 35 | show 🗑
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| show | self-plagiarism
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| show | using facts and statistics to support generalizations or to establish the importance of your topic.
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| show | explaining words, phrases, or ideas that might be unfamiliar to your readers. quoting or paraphrasing a source can help you define terms and concepts in neutral, accessible language.
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| show | backing up your assertions with facts, examples, and other evidence from your research
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| what does lending authority to your argument mean? rule 34c | show 🗑
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| what does anticipating and countering alternative interpretations mean? rule 34c | show 🗑
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| what must you cite? rule 35a | show 🗑
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| what is the only exception of what you do not have to cite? rule 35a | show 🗑
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| show | source introd w/signal phrase includes last names of the authors followed by date of publication in parentheses. T material being cited followed by page number in parentheses. At end paper, alphabetized list of references gives publication info @ sources
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| show | Yanovski, S.Z., & Yanovski, J.A. (2002). Drug therapy: Obesity. The Nw England Journal of Medicine, 346(8), 591-602.
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| show | to show that you are using a source's exact phrases or sentences.
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| show | to omit quotation marks claiming falsely that the language is yours.
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| when are quotation marks not needed? Rule 35b | show 🗑
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| show | a summary condenses information: a paraphrase reports information in about the same number of words as in the source.
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| show | you must restate the source's meaning using your own language.
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| when do you commit plagiarism? Rule 35c | show 🗑
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| show | original source: in an effort to seek the causes of this disturbing trend, experts have pointed to a range of important potential contributors to the rise in childhood obesity that are unrelated to media. (see questions marked examples)
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| What is an example of unacceptable borrowing of phrases? Rule 35c | show 🗑
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| show | According to the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation (2004), experts have identified a variety of significant factors causing a rise in childhood obesity, factors that are not linked to media (p. 1).
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| show | set the source aside, write from memory, and consult the source later to check for accuracy.
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| what is an example of an acceptable paraphrase using the previous example? Rule 35c | show 🗑
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| show | Because it is almost impossible to integrate numerous long quotations smoothly into your own text, do not quote excessively.
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| show | use the ellipsis mark (three periods, with spaces between) to indicate that you have omitted words. what remains must be grammatically complete...
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| show | Roman (2003) reported that "social factors are nearly as significant as individual metabolism in the formation of . . . dietary habits of adolescents" (p. 345).
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| How do you omit a full sentence but use an ellipsis? Rule 36a | show 🗑
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| show | Brackets allow you to insert your own words into quoted material to explain a confusing reference or to keep a sentence grammatical in your context.
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| show | to indicate an error in a quotation, insert [sic] right after the error. Notice the term sic is italicized and appears in brackets.
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| show | When you quote forty or more words, set off the quotation by indenting it one-half inch (or five spaces) from the left margin. use the normal right margin and do not single-space.
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| show | Long quotations should be introduced by an informative sentence usually followed by a colon. Quotation marks are unnecessary because the indented format tells readers that the words are taken from the source.
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| show | introduce it with a signal phrase which usually names the author of the source and gives the publication dates in parentheses.
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| When do you use the author's initials? Rule 36b | show 🗑
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| show | readers need to understand how source is relevant to your thesis. therefore-to embed your quotation-especially a long one- between sentence of your own, introducing w/signal phrase & interpretive comments linking source material to paper's thesis
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| show | try to vary language and placement of signal phrases: examples: In the words of Carmona (2004); As Yanovski (2004) noted, "...";
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| show | admitted; agreed; argued; asserted; believed; claimed; compared; confirmed; contended; declared; denied; emphasized; insisted; noted; observed; pointed out; reasoned; refuted; rejected; reported; responded; suggested; thought; wrote
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| what tense do you use in APA style? Rule 36b | show 🗑
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| show | Use the present tense only to discuss the results of an experiment (the results show) or knowledge that has clearly been established (researchers agree).
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| what does a signal phrase indicate? Rule 36b | show 🗑
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| what is a dropped quote? Rule 36b | show 🗑
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| show | As researchers Yanovski (2002) have explained, obesity was once considered "either a moral failing or evidence of underlying psychopathology" (p. 592).
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| show | Not necessarily. In most cases, readers will understand that the citation refers to the statistic or fact (not the whole paragraph). In purely financial terms, the drugs cost more than $3 a day on average (Duenwald, 2004). if you prefer, use signal phrase
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| What are in-text citation? (Rule 37a) | show 🗑
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| How do you deal with a quotation in APA? Rule 37a(1) | show 🗑
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| Where do you place the author's name if not in the signal phrase (Rule 37a(1)? | show 🗑
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| Do you ever include the month in a citation? Rule 37a(1) | show 🗑
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| what do you include in a summary or paraphrase? Rule 37a(2) | show 🗑
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| show | Yanovski and Yanovski (2002) explained that sibutramine suppresses appetite in the brain (p. 594). Sibtramine suppresses appetite by blocking reuptake (Yanovski & Yanovski, p. 594).
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| how do you cite when two authors? Rule 37a(3) | show 🗑
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| how do you cite when you have three to five authors?Rule 37a(4) | show 🗑
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| show | use the first author's name followed by "et. al." in either the signal phrase or the parentheses: As Berkowitz et al. (2003) advised, "Until more extensive safety data results, things are the same (p. 1811).
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| How do you cite when six or more authors? Rule 37a(5) | show 🗑
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| show | if the author is unknown, mention the work's title in the signal phrase or give the first word or two of the title in the parenthetical citation. Titles of articles and chapters are put in quotation marks and titles of books and reports are italicized.
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| what is an example of Rule 37a(6)? | show 🗑
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| show | treat it as if it was a real name: (Anonymous, 2001).
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| show | also use the name anonymous as the author.
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| show | if the author is a government agency or another organization, name the organization in the signal phrase or in the parenthetical citation the first time you cite the source. (Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2004, p. 1).
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| show | If the organization has a familiar abbreviation, you may include it in brackets the first time you cite the source and use the abbreviation alone in later citations. (First cite (National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), 2001). later cite: (NIMH, 2001)
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| show | when your parenthetical citation names two or more works, put them in the same order that they appear in the reference list, separate by semicolons. Researchers indicated that studies are inconclusive (Berkowitz, et al., 2003; McDuffie, et al., 2002).
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| show | to avoid confusion, use initials with the last names if your reference list includes two or more authors with the same last name. Ex. Research by E. Smith (1989) revealed that . . .
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| show | cite interviews, memos, letters, e-mails, and similar unpublished person-to-person communications as follows: (F. Johnson, personal communication, October 20, 2004).
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| Should you include personal communications in your reference list? Rule 37a(10) | show 🗑
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| How do you cite an electronic document? Rule 37(a)11 | show 🗑
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| How do you cite an electronic document with unknown author? Rule 37a(11) | show 🗑
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| How do you cite an electronic document with an unknown date? Rule 37a(11) | show 🗑
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| How do you cite an electronic document with no page numbers? Rule 37a(11) | show 🗑
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| show | if has numbered paragraphs, use "para" abbreviation: (Hall, 2001, para. 5).
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| show | if has headings, cite the appropriate heading and indicate which paragraph under that heading you are referring to: (Weight-Loss Drugs section, para. 6).
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| show | Give the page number in the parenthetical citation.
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| How do you cite an indirect source? Rule 37a(12) | show 🗑
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| Example of citing an indirect source? Rule 37a(12) | show 🗑
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| How do you cite two or more works by the same author in the same year? Rule 37(a(13) | show 🗑
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| what is the alphabetical list of work cited which appears at the end of the paper entitled? Rule 37b | show 🗑
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| What are the general guidelines for listing authors? Rule 37b | show 🗑
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| what do you do if a work has no author? rule 37b | show 🗑
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| how do you cite a single author? Rule 37b(1) | show 🗑
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| How do you cite multiple authors? rule 37b)2) | show 🗑
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| show | Sloan, F.A., Stout, E.M., Whetten-Goldstein, K., & Lian, L. (2000).
Mulvaney, S.A., Mudasiru, E., Schlundt, D.G., Baughman, C.L., Fleming, M., VanderWoude, A., . . . Rothman, R. (2008).
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| how do you cite when an organization is the author? Rule 37b(3) | show 🗑
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| show | begin with the work's title. Titles of books are italicized. Titles of articles are neither italicized not put in quotation marks.
Ex. <I> Oxford essential world atlas.</I> (2001).
Ex. Omega 3-fatty acids. (2004, November 23).
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| how do you cite two or more works by the same author? Rule 37b(5) | show 🗑
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| how do you cite two or more works by the same author in the same year? rule 37b(6) | show 🗑
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| show | Morawski, J. (2000). Social psychology a century ago. <I>American Psychologist</I>, 55, 427-431.
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