Male Reproductive System
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| show | consist of gonads & the accessory reproductive organs
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| Gonads | show 🗑
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| show | sex cells
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| Male gametes | show 🗑
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| show | male hormones made and secreted by the testes; main one is testosterone
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| show | main hormones produced and secreted by ovaries
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| show | a fertilized egg; the first cell of a potentially new individual; receives 23 chromosomes from egg and 23 chromosomes from sperm to equal 46
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| show | includes gonads, testes, in scrotum; accessory organs include ducts that transport sperm and some glands, whose secretions enhance sperm activity
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| show | epididymis, vas/ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urtethra
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| show | seminal vesicles, prostate gland, Copwer’s/bulbourethral glands
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| Scrotum | show 🗑
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| show | under cold conditions, wrinkles and thickens the scrotal skin thus reducing heat loss; under hot conditions will relax
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| show | will pull testes up toward warm abdominopelvic wall in cold conditions; relaxed in hot conditions
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| Testes/Testicles | show 🗑
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| Seminiferous tubules | show 🗑
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| show | sperm cell production
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| Interstitial/Leydig cells | show 🗑
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| show | venous network from which each testicular vein arises; helps provide a cooling effect for the testes
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| show | a varicose vein in the pampiniform vein
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| show | swelling in scrotum causes by an excessive accumulation of fluid in a space around the testis.
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| Testicular cancer | show 🗑
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| Form in abdominopelvic cavity; descend into scrotum about two months before birth | show 🗑
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| show | congenital condition in males characterized by failure or one or both testes to completely descend into scrotum prior to birth; testis remaining in abdominal cavity for too long will become sterile due to higher temperature
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| show | cell division by which testes/ovaries produce sex cells/gametes/sperm/eggs; 2 consecutive divisions of nucleus—results in production of cells with only half the # of chromosomes (23), thus only half as much genetic material/DNA
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| show | three parts – head, midpiece, tail
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| show | part of sperm; contains sperm’s nucleus, thus bears its genetic material/DNA/chromosomes; anterior part of head consists of acrosome
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| Acrosome | show 🗑
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| show | part of a sperm; contains many mitochondria that produce ATP needed to supply energy required for sperm to use its tail swimming
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| show | part of sperm; flagellum that provides for sperm motility
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| Sustentacular/sustentocyte/sertoli/nurse cells | show 🗑
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| Blood-testes barrier | show 🗑
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| show | located in scrotum on lateral & posterior surface of testis; highly coiled duct several feet long; where sperm cells temporarily stored & become mature; sperm ejaculated from this site thru vas/ductus deferens; stored too long = phagocytized & degraded
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| show | receives/transports ejaculated sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct; runs upward from scrotum w/in spermatic cord, thru inguinal canal, into pelvic cavity, along then behind bladder, where it joins duct from seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct
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| show | procedure in which small incision is made into each side of scrotum to sever each ductus deferens; cut ends are tied off, fused shut, or plugged; prevents sperm cells from leaving body; reduces volume of semen by about 5%
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| Spermatic cord | show 🗑
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| Inguinal canal | show 🗑
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| show | condition in which small portion of small intestine protrudes into, and sometimes through, the inguinal canal; often caused by lifting heavy objects/strenuously straining; forms a bulge below skin in groin
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| Ejaculatory duct | show 🗑
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| show | has three portions—prostatic, membranous, spongy/penile
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| show | first portion of male urethra; runs through and is surrounded by prostate gland below urinary bladder
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| show | second portion of male urethra; courses through urogenital diaphragm in floor of pelvic cavity
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| show | terminal portion of male urethra; runs through and surrounded by corpus sponginosum of penis; opening at tip is called external urethral orifice
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| show | 5 total—seminal vesicles, prostate gland, cowper’s/bulbourethral glands; secretions of these account for about 95% of semen volume
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| Semen | show 🗑
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| show | paired glands on posterior surface of male bladder; secretion makes up ~60% of semen; has chemicals to enhance sperm function; has yellow pigment that fluoresces under UV light; joins w/ end of ductus/vas deferens to form an ejaculatory duct w/in prostate
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| Prostate gland | show 🗑
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| Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) | show 🗑
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| show | non-cancerous enlargement of prostate gland that occurs in most elderly men; urination becomes increasingly difficult due to prostate presses against prostatic urethra; can be detected via digital rectal exam
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| Bulbourethral/Cowper’s glands | show 🗑
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| Penis | show 🗑
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| show | three columns (bodies) or erectile tissue
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| show | loose cuff of skin surrounding tip of penis; generally removed via circumcision shortly after birth
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| Erection | show 🗑
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| Ejaculation | show 🗑
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| show | pathway of ejaculated sperm cell
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| Male perineum | show 🗑
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| show | androgen; produced by interstitial/Leydig cells of testes; responsible for sex drive, development of secondary sex characteristics
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Created by:
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