Lippert - Ch.15 Neck & Trunk muscles - pages 219-229
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| sternocleidomastoid: ORIGIN | sternum & clavicle
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| sternocleidomastoid: INSERTION | mastoid process
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| sternocleidomastoid: ACTION | BILATERALLY: flexes neck, hyperextends head; UNILATERALLY: laterally bends neck, rotates face to opposite side
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| sternocleidomastoid: NERVE | Accessory (CN XI), 2nd & 3rd cervical nerves
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| How many scalene muscles are there? | 3: anterior, middle, & posterior
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| scalenes: ORIGIN | transverse process of cervical vertebrae
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| scalenes: INSERTION | 1st & 2nd ribs
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| scalenes: ACTION | BILATERALLY: assists neck flexion; UNILATERALLY: neck lateral bending
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| scalenes: NERVE | lower cervical nerves
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| paravertebral muscles: LOCATION | deep, along anterior portion of the cervical vertebrae
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| paravertabral muscles: ROLE | flex EITHER neck or head, maintain postural control, & "tuck" the chin
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| names of 4 paravertebral muscles | longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis
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| longus colli: ORIGIN | bodies & transverse processes of C3-T2
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| longus colli: INSERTION | transverse processes & bodies or C1-C6
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| longus colli: ACTION | flex neck
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| longus capitis: ORIGIN | transverse processes of C3-C6
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| longus capitis: INSERTION | occipital bone
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| longus capitis: ACTION | flex head
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| rectus capitis anterior: ORIGIN | Atlas
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| rectus capitis anterior: INSERTION | occipital bone
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| rectus capitis anterior: ACTION | flex head
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| rectus capitis lateralis: ORIGIN | transverse process of atlas
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| rectus capitis lateralis: INSERTION | occipital bone
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| rectus capitis lateralis: ACTION | laterally bend head
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| suboccipital muscles: LOCATION | below base of skull posterior
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| suboccipital muscles: ROLE | extend head via rocking motion of occipital condyles on atlas, or rotate head around odontoid process of axis
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| Which suboccipital muscles extend the head? | all 4: obliquus capitis superior & inferior, rectus capitis posterior minor & major
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| Which suboccipital muscles laterally band and rotate the head to the same side? | obliquus capitis inferior & rectus capitis posterior major
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| splenius capitis: ORIGIN | lower half of nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7-T3
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| splenius capitis: INSERTION | lateral occipital bone; mastiod process
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| splenius capitis: ACTION | BILATERALLY: extend head & neck; UNILATERALLY: rotate & laterally bend face to the same side
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| splenius capitis: NERVE | middle & lower cervical nerves
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| splenius cervicis: ORIGIN | spinous processes of T3-T6
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| splenius cervicis: INSERTION | transverse processes of C1-C3
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| splenius cervicis: ACTION | BILATERALLY: extend neck; UNILATERALLY: rotate & laterally bend the neck to same side
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| splenius cervicis: NERVE | middle & lower cervical nerves
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| rectus abdominis: ORIGIN | pubis
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| rectus abdominis: INSERTION | xiophoid process & costal cartilages of 5th, 6th, & 7th ribs
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| rectus abdominis: ACTION | trunk flexion; compression of abdomen
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| rectus abdominis: NERVE | 7th -12th intercostal nerves
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| external oblique: ORIGIN | lower 8 ribs laterally
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| external oblique: INSERTION | iliac crest & linea alba
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| external oblique: ACTION | BILATERALLY: trunk flaxion; compression of abdomen; UNILATERALLY: lateral bending, rotation to opposite side
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| external oblique: NERVE | 8th-12th intercostal, iliohypogastric, & ilioinguinal nerves
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| internal oblique: ORIGIN | inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
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| internal oblique: INSERTION | ribs:10,11,12; abdominal aponeurosis
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| internal oblique: ACTION | BILATERALLY: trunk flexion, compression of abdomin; UNILATERALLY: laterally bending; rotation to same side
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| internal oblique: NERVE | 8th-12th intercostal, iliohypogastric, & ilioinguinal nerves
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| transverse abdominis: ORIGIN | inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, & last 6 ribs
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| transverse abdominis: INSERTION | abdominal aponeurosis & linea alba
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| transverse abdominis: ACTION | compression of abdomen
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| transverse abdominis: NERVE | 7th - 12th intercostal, iliohypogastric, & ilioinguinal nerves
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| 3 muscle groups that make up the erector spinae muscles | (aka: sacrospinalis muscle group) spinalis, longissimus, & iliocostalis muscles
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| spinalis muscle group | MEDIAL, prime movers in trunk extension, also can extend neck
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| longissimus muscle group | INTERMEDIATE, produce lateral bending and trunk & neck extension
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| iliocostalis muscle group | LATERAL, produce lateral bending and extension
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| erector spinae: ORIGIN | spinous processes, transverse processes, & posterior ribs from occiput to sacrum & ilium
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| erector spinae: INSERTION | spinous processes, transverse processes, & posterior ribs from occiput to sacrum & ilium
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| erector spinae: ACTION | BILATERALLY: extend neck & trunk; UNILATERALLY: laterally bend neck & trunk
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| erector spinae: NERVE | spinal nerves
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| transverseospinalis: ORIGION | transverse processes
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| transverseospinalis: INSERTION | spinous process of vertebrae above
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| transverseospinalis: ACTION | BILATERALLY: extend neck & trunk; UNILATERALLY: rotate neck & trunk to opposite side
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| transverseospinalis: NERVE | spinal nerves
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| interspinales: ORIGIN | spinous process below
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| interspinales: INSERTION | spinous process above
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| interspinales: ACTION | neck & trunk extension
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| interspinales: NERVE | spinal nerves
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| intertransversarii: ORIGIN | transverse process below
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| intertransversarii: INSERTION | transverse process above
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| intertransversarii: ACTION | neck & trunk lateral bending
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| intertransversarii: NERVE | spinal nerves
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| quadratus lumborum: ORIGIN | iliac crest
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| quadratus lumborum: INSERTION | 12th rib, transverse process of all 5 lumbar vertebrae
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| quadratus lumborum: ACTION | trunk lateral bending
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| quadratus lumborum: NERVE | 12th thoracic & 1st lumbar nerves
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