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Neck & Trunk Muscles

Lippert - Ch.15 Neck & Trunk muscles - pages 219-229

QuestionAnswer
sternocleidomastoid: ORIGIN sternum & clavicle
sternocleidomastoid: INSERTION mastoid process
sternocleidomastoid: ACTION BILATERALLY: flexes neck, hyperextends head; UNILATERALLY: laterally bends neck, rotates face to opposite side
sternocleidomastoid: NERVE Accessory (CN XI), 2nd & 3rd cervical nerves
How many scalene muscles are there? 3: anterior, middle, & posterior
scalenes: ORIGIN transverse process of cervical vertebrae
scalenes: INSERTION 1st & 2nd ribs
scalenes: ACTION BILATERALLY: assists neck flexion; UNILATERALLY: neck lateral bending
scalenes: NERVE lower cervical nerves
paravertebral muscles: LOCATION deep, along anterior portion of the cervical vertebrae
paravertabral muscles: ROLE flex EITHER neck or head, maintain postural control, & "tuck" the chin
names of 4 paravertebral muscles longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis
longus colli: ORIGIN bodies & transverse processes of C3-T2
longus colli: INSERTION transverse processes & bodies or C1-C6
longus colli: ACTION flex neck
longus capitis: ORIGIN transverse processes of C3-C6
longus capitis: INSERTION occipital bone
longus capitis: ACTION flex head
rectus capitis anterior: ORIGIN Atlas
rectus capitis anterior: INSERTION occipital bone
rectus capitis anterior: ACTION flex head
rectus capitis lateralis: ORIGIN transverse process of atlas
rectus capitis lateralis: INSERTION occipital bone
rectus capitis lateralis: ACTION laterally bend head
suboccipital muscles: LOCATION below base of skull posterior
suboccipital muscles: ROLE extend head via rocking motion of occipital condyles on atlas, or rotate head around odontoid process of axis
Which suboccipital muscles extend the head? all 4: obliquus capitis superior & inferior, rectus capitis posterior minor & major
Which suboccipital muscles laterally band and rotate the head to the same side? obliquus capitis inferior & rectus capitis posterior major
splenius capitis: ORIGIN lower half of nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7-T3
splenius capitis: INSERTION lateral occipital bone; mastiod process
splenius capitis: ACTION BILATERALLY: extend head & neck; UNILATERALLY: rotate & laterally bend face to the same side
splenius capitis: NERVE middle & lower cervical nerves
splenius cervicis: ORIGIN spinous processes of T3-T6
splenius cervicis: INSERTION transverse processes of C1-C3
splenius cervicis: ACTION BILATERALLY: extend neck; UNILATERALLY: rotate & laterally bend the neck to same side
splenius cervicis: NERVE middle & lower cervical nerves
rectus abdominis: ORIGIN pubis
rectus abdominis: INSERTION xiophoid process & costal cartilages of 5th, 6th, & 7th ribs
rectus abdominis: ACTION trunk flexion; compression of abdomen
rectus abdominis: NERVE 7th -12th intercostal nerves
external oblique: ORIGIN lower 8 ribs laterally
external oblique: INSERTION iliac crest & linea alba
external oblique: ACTION BILATERALLY: trunk flaxion; compression of abdomen; UNILATERALLY: lateral bending, rotation to opposite side
external oblique: NERVE 8th-12th intercostal, iliohypogastric, & ilioinguinal nerves
internal oblique: ORIGIN inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
internal oblique: INSERTION ribs:10,11,12; abdominal aponeurosis
internal oblique: ACTION BILATERALLY: trunk flexion, compression of abdomin; UNILATERALLY: laterally bending; rotation to same side
internal oblique: NERVE 8th-12th intercostal, iliohypogastric, & ilioinguinal nerves
transverse abdominis: ORIGIN inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, & last 6 ribs
transverse abdominis: INSERTION abdominal aponeurosis & linea alba
transverse abdominis: ACTION compression of abdomen
transverse abdominis: NERVE 7th - 12th intercostal, iliohypogastric, & ilioinguinal nerves
3 muscle groups that make up the erector spinae muscles (aka: sacrospinalis muscle group) spinalis, longissimus, & iliocostalis muscles
spinalis muscle group MEDIAL, prime movers in trunk extension, also can extend neck
longissimus muscle group INTERMEDIATE, produce lateral bending and trunk & neck extension
iliocostalis muscle group LATERAL, produce lateral bending and extension
erector spinae: ORIGIN spinous processes, transverse processes, & posterior ribs from occiput to sacrum & ilium
erector spinae: INSERTION spinous processes, transverse processes, & posterior ribs from occiput to sacrum & ilium
erector spinae: ACTION BILATERALLY: extend neck & trunk; UNILATERALLY: laterally bend neck & trunk
erector spinae: NERVE spinal nerves
transverseospinalis: ORIGION transverse processes
transverseospinalis: INSERTION spinous process of vertebrae above
transverseospinalis: ACTION BILATERALLY: extend neck & trunk; UNILATERALLY: rotate neck & trunk to opposite side
transverseospinalis: NERVE spinal nerves
interspinales: ORIGIN spinous process below
interspinales: INSERTION spinous process above
interspinales: ACTION neck & trunk extension
interspinales: NERVE spinal nerves
intertransversarii: ORIGIN transverse process below
intertransversarii: INSERTION transverse process above
intertransversarii: ACTION neck & trunk lateral bending
intertransversarii: NERVE spinal nerves
quadratus lumborum: ORIGIN iliac crest
quadratus lumborum: INSERTION 12th rib, transverse process of all 5 lumbar vertebrae
quadratus lumborum: ACTION trunk lateral bending
quadratus lumborum: NERVE 12th thoracic & 1st lumbar nerves
Created by: jteich
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