www.pharmteacher.com OPIOIDS for PT
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | Codeine is partially converted to morphine by the liver
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| How does morphine compare to methadone? | show 🗑
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| How does codeine compare to morphine? | show 🗑
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| show | Fentanyl is more potent than morphine but causes less constipation
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| What is an Opioid? | show 🗑
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| What is an Opiate? | show 🗑
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| show | Opioid agonists: bind & stimulate opioid receptors. They reduce perception of pain, relieve anxiety associated with that pain, and increase pain tolerance
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| List 3 types of endogenous opioids: | show 🗑
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| show | norepinephrine, acetylcholine, dopamine, and substance P
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| List 2 main classes of opioid receptors: | show 🗑
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| show | CNS, peripheral nerve terminals & GI tract
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| show | Analgesia, Respiratory depression, Miosis, Constipation, Sedation, Euphoria
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| List the physiological response of activation of the Kappa (κ) receptors | show 🗑
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| show | Kappa
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| show | Mu
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| show | Mu
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| show | N/V, sedation, constipation, respiratory depression, euphoria, dysphoria, urinary retention, physical dependence, addiction, pseudoallergy, allergy
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| Explain the impact of chronic use (and development of tolerance) on the rate of ADRs: | show 🗑
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| show | antiemetics
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| How can opioid-induced constipation be treated? | show 🗑
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| Are true opioid allergies common or rare? | show 🗑
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| show | histamine release WITHOUT antibody production
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| show | True allergic reactions involve antibody production
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| List the most fatal opioid ADR: | show 🗑
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| show | morphine, meperidine, fentanyl, oxycodone; hydromorphone,oxymorphone
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| List the CIII opioid agonists: | show 🗑
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| What dosage forms of oxycodone are available? | show 🗑
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| show | codeine & hydrocodone
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| show | Takes 12 – 24 for complete onset of action and 6 days to reach steady state.
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| show | Place patch on dry, hairless area of body (chest, upper arms, sides of abdomen). Change patch q72h. Apply the new patch in a different location.
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| What is the MOA of methadone? | show 🗑
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| What is the MOA of tramadol? | show 🗑
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| show | Chronic pain; neuropathic pain; prevent withdrawal symptoms during addiction treatment
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| show | These drugs are agonists at the Kappa receptors but are antagonists at the Mu receptors
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| List the disadvantages of opioid agonists/antagonists vs. opioid agonists: | show 🗑
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| List the advantages of opioid agonists/antagonists vs. opioid agonists: | show 🗑
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| show | acute migraine headache
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| show | mild/moderate pain; chronic pain; neuropathic pain
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| show | similar to opioids plus it increases the risk of seizures
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| List the drug/drug interactions of tramadol: | show 🗑
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| How can opioid withdrawal symptoms be avoided? | show 🗑
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| show | Neuroadaptation where body becomes dependent upon the drug for normal function. Abstinence results in withdrawal symptoms. This does NOT indicate addiction.
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| What is addiction? | show 🗑
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| show | Not controlled substance
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| What is tolerance? | show 🗑
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| How can opioid tolerance be overcome? | show 🗑
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| show | similar to the opioids but less addiction potential, less respiratory depression, & more psychotomimetic effects, will precipitate opioid withdrawal in physically dependent patients
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| What opioid ADR leads to its abuse potential? | show 🗑
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| show | oxycodone + acetaminophen
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| show | hydrocodone + acetaminophen
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| List the ingredients of Tylenol #3 | show 🗑
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| List the ingredients of Vicodan | show 🗑
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| List the ingredients of Percodan | show 🗑
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| show | morphine and codeine
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