CH-9 X-Ray Emission
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| show | The thickness of absorber or homogenous filter that will reduce an X-ray beam to half its original value or intensity
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| show | Energy of motion
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| Quality (X-ray) | show 🗑
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| show | As the energy of an X-ray beam is increased, the penetrability or quality of the X-ray beam is also increased
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| show | - As kVp is increased, so is X-ray beam quality as well as the half-value layer. - Increased X-ray beam quality results in a more penetrating X-ray beam -kVp is the primary control of x-ray beam quality and therefore beam penetrability.
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| show | Long scale contrast (less difference between areas receiving varying amounts of radiation)
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| show | Short scale contrast (more black
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| white; more difference between areas receiving varying amounts of radiation) increases patient dose | show 🗑
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| show | Also expressed in terms of half-value layer As filtration is increased, beam quality increases but quantity decreases
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| Primary purpose of Flitration | show 🗑
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| show | Results in X-ray beam with higher energy Greater penetrability Higher beam quality Increased in half-value layer
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| show | Filtration that is a result of the composition of the tube and housing
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| show | Placed between the protective tube housing and the external housing or collimator\ Has two sources that totals 2 and 3mm sheets of aluminum equivalent
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| show | • filters are used to compensate for differences in subject radiopacity used to even out widely differing tissue densities
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| show | used to radiograph body parts that varies considerably, such as
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| show | bilateral wedge filter) used mainly for chest radiography
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| show | used in some CT scanners to compensate for the shaped of the head or body
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| show | concave or convex shaped, and find application in digital fluoroscopy, where image intensifier tube and receptor are round
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| Step-wedge filter | show 🗑
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| Aperture diaphragm | show 🗑
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| show | A change in mA or mAs means a change in the amplitude or quantity (exposure rate) of the X-ray emission spectrum at all energies No effect on beam quality (penetrating capability)
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| Increased kVp | show 🗑
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| show | increased X-ray beam quality or penetrating capability, hence less patient absorption
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| show | Increasing target atomic number enhances the efficiency of x-ray production and the energy of characteristic and bremsstrahlung x-rays
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| Gray scale of contrast | show 🗑
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| show | short scale low kVp
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| low contrast | show 🗑
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| kVp | show 🗑
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| show | • used to change scale of contrast from long to short or vice versa. • change the kVp by 15 % while changing the mAs by one half or double to produce the same OD
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| 5% rule | show 🗑
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| mAs | show 🗑
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| show | results in shorter scale of contrast compared with non-screen
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| show | removes some scatter radiation producing radiographs of shorter scale of contrast
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| Anti-scatter grids | show 🗑
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| Radiographic Detail | show 🗑
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| Penumbra | show 🗑
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| As the FS size decreases | show 🗑
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| Source Image Distance (SID) | show 🗑
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| show | The minimum OID should be used to improve detail Minimum OID is obtained with non-Bucky procedures that place part directly on the cassette
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| collimation | show 🗑
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| show | reduces scatter
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| Types of motion | show 🗑
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| show | Communication Exposure time reduction Immobilization
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| SID | show 🗑
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| OID | show 🗑
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| show | • magnification or size distortion can be assessed by calculation of the magnification factor • M = SID/SOD where M = magnification factor
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| show | The misrepresentation by unequal magnification of the actual shape of the structure being examined
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| show | the anatomical part appears bigger than normal. Due to poor alignment of the IR or the x-ray tube
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| foreshortening | show 🗑
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| What term refers to the removal of low-energy x-rays from the useful beam? | show 🗑
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| What term refers to the thickness of the absorber needed to cut the original intensity of an x-ray beam to half its original value or intensity? | show 🗑
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| show | More penetrating x-ray beam
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| show | kVp
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| What is used to selectively remove low-energy x-rays from the x-ray beam? | show 🗑
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| What is the main controlling factor of x-ray beam quantity? | show 🗑
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| show | Removal of low-energy X-rays from the useful beam with aluminum or other metal
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