Terms to review for the CEN (Certified Emergency Nurse) exam
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| Babinski’s Sign | Loss of Achilles tendon reflex. Great toe extends and other toes fan out when sole of foot is stroked. Should be absent in those over 2 years old. Spinal cord damage
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| Balance Sign | Resonance over the right flank with the patient lying on their left side. Splenic rupture
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| Beck’s Triad | JVD, hypotension, muffled heart tones Cardiac Tamponade
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| Bitot’s Spots | Superficial foamy gray, triangular spots on the conjunctiva. Vitamin A deficiency
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| Brudzinski’s Sign | Flexion of the neck results in flexion of the hip and knee. Meningitis
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| Chvostek’s Sign | Spasm of facial muscles when tapping cheek (anterior to ear and below zygoma). Tetany = hypocalcemia
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| Copper Nails Sign | Bruising of the scrotum or labia. Pelvic Fracture
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| Cullen’s Sign | Periumbilical bluish discoloration. Retroperitoneal bleed
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| Cushing’s Response | HTN (increased SBO, widening pulse pressure), irregular respirations, and bradycardia. Increased ICP
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| Hill’s Sign | Disproportionate femoral systolic hypertension. Chronic aortic insufficiency
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| Grey-Turner Sign | Bluish discoloration to the flanks. Retroperitoneal bleed
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| Janeway Lesions | Petechial lesions on hands and feet. Endocarditis
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| Kehr’s Sign | Referred left shoulder pain. Splenic rupture or peritoneal irritation
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| Kernig’s Sign | Flexing hips to 90 degrees, then extending knees causes pain. Meningitis
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| Koplik’s Spots | Tiny bluish-white lesions on the buccal mucosa. Measles
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| Kussmaul Respirations | Hyperventilation, deep gasping respiratory patters. DKA, Metabolic acidosis
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| Kussmaul’s Sign | JVD during inspiration. Right ventricular MI, right-sided heart failure, constrictive pericarditis
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| Lhermitte’s Sign | “Electric shock” pain to entire body with neck flexion. C-spine injury, MS, tumor, spondylosis
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| McBurney’s Point | Midway between umbilicus and right iliac crest. Pain on palpation = appendicitis
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| Murphy’s Sign | Unable to take deep breath during palpation beneath right costal margin (RCM). Gallbladder or liver disease
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| Osler’s Nodes | Painful lesions to fingertips. Endocarditis
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| Prehn’s Sign | Scrotal pain that is relieved with elevation of the scrotum. Epididymitis
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| Psoas Sign | RLQ pain with hyperextension of right hip and elevation of right leg while patient is lying on left side. Appendicitis
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| Quincke’s Sign | Alternating blanching and flushing of the nail bed with each pulse. Aortic insufficiency
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| Roth’s Spots | Oval white spots with central hemorrhages on retina. Endocarditis
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| Rovsing’s Sign | LLQ pressure intensifies RLQ pain. Appendicitis
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| Splinter Hemorrhages | Small linear hemorrhages on nail beds. Endocarditis
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| Trousseau’s Sign | Spasmodic contractions of muscles provoked by pressure on nerves (BP cuff inflated on arm causes contractions of hand/wrist). Tetany = hypocalcemia
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