Basics of Chemistry
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| Solutions that have a pH below 7.0, and turn litmus paper from blue to red. | Acids
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| Solutions that have a pH above 7.0, and turn litmus paper from red to blue. | Alkalis
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| Substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products | Alkanolamines
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| Colorless gas with a pungent odor. Composed of hydrogen and nitrogen. | Ammonia
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| An ion with a negative electrical charge. | Anion
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| Smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element. | Atom
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| An ion with a positvie charge. | Cation
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| Change in the chemical and physical properties of a substance due to a chemical reaction that creates a new substnace or substances. | Chemical Change
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| Characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reation and a chemical change in the substance. | Chemical Properties
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| Science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter, and how matter changes under various conditions. | Chemistry
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| Rapid oxidation of substance. accompanied by the production of heat and light. | Combustion
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| Combinations of two or more atoms of different elements chemically joined together | Compounds
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| The simplest form of matter, it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity | Element
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| A chemical combination of stoms of the same element | Elemental Molecules
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| An unstable mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of an emulsifier | Emuslion
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| Chemical reactions that produce heat. | Exothermic
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| Sweet colorless, oily substance used as a solvent and moisturizer in skin and body creams. | Glycerin
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| Water loving. | Hydrophilic
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| Not capable of being mixed. | Immiscible
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| Study of substances that do not contain carbon. | Inorganic Chemistry
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| An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge. | Ion
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| Seperation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions. | Ionization
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| Oil loving. | Lipophilic
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| Multiples of ten. | Logarithm
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| Any substance that occupies space and has mass. | Matter
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| Capable of being mixed with another liquid in any proportion without seperating. | Miscible
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| A chemical combination of two or more atoms. | Molecule
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| Oil droplets emulsified in water. | Oil-in-Water (o/w) Emuslion
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| Study of substances that contain carbon. | Organic Chemistry
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| A chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to prduce an oxide. | Oxidation
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| Substance that releases oxygen. | Oxidizing Agent
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| Measures the acidity and alkalinity of a substance. | pH Scale
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| Change in the form or physical properties of a substaance without the formation of a new substance. | Physical Change
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| Physical combination of matter, in any proportion. | Physical Mixture
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| Charecteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical reaction in the substance. | Physical Properties
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| Chemical combination of matter in definite proportions. | Pure Substance
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| Contraction for reduction-oxidation; chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized. | Redox
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| To substract oxygen from or add hydrogen to a substance. | Reduced
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| Special type of oil used in hair conditioner and as water resistant lubricants for the skin. | Silicones
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| Substance that is dissolved in a solution. | Solute
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| Stable mixture of two or more mixable substances. | Solution
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| Substance that dissolves the solute to form a solution. | Solvent
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| Surface active agents; substances that act as bridge to allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify. | Surfactants
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| Unstable mixture of undissolved particles in a liquid. | Suspension
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| Easily evaporating. | Volatile
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| Substances containing carbon that evaporate quickly and easy. | Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
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| Water droplets emulsified in oil. | Water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion
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| the chemical reaction of of subtracting oxygen from, or adding hydrogen to, a substance | Reduction
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